<![CDATA[The energy crisis and the rise in waste production have prompted the adoption of organic biomass waste, plastic waste, B40 biodiesel fuel (comprising 40% biodiesel and 60% diesel), and used oil as alternative solid fuels. This research sought to enhance the integration of additives and waste oil into different blends of organic biomass and plastic, with a focus on the calorific value, moisture content, and ash content of fuel pellets. The biomass used consisted of materials sourced from wood branches and dry leaves, while polyethylene (PE) served as the plastic component. The mixture variations included 100% biomass, 90% biomass with 10% plastic, and 80% biomass with 20% plastic, with B40 added in concentrations from 200 to 400 ppm and volumes between 50 and 300 mL/kg of the mixture. The pellet production process involved drying, shredding, mixing, compacting, and testing the final product according to specified parameters. Results showed that incorporating plastic and a small amount of additives decreased moisture and ash content while increasing the calorific value. The optimal blend was determined to be 80% biomass and 20% plastic, which achieved the highest calorific value of 5568 kcal/kg and optimal combustion quality. The use of biomass, plastic, and used oil waste as sustainable alternative fuels is highly recommended to promote environmentally friendly waste and energy management.]]>
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