<![CDATA[Background: Laparoscopic extirpative urological surgery involves a steep learning curve and complex vascular maneuvers. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of live porcine models for training in various extirpative urological procedures. Methods: Systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were conducted through June 2026. We included studies evaluating laparoscopic extirpative procedures in live porcine models that reported surgical or educational outcomes. Results: Fifteen studies published between 1994 and 2022 met the inclusion criteria, with various forms of nephrectomy (radical, partial, and donor) the most frequently analyzed procedures. Across the literature, the most commonly assessed technical parameters included total operative duration, renal hilar dissection time, estimated blood loss, and warm ischemia time. Studies consistently reported significant technical improvements as operator experience grew. Furthermore, quantifiable gains regarding depth perception and bimanual dexterity were documented following serial simulations. Discussion: This review confirms that live porcine models proficiently meet training objectives via addressing the high psychomotor and cognitive demands of laparoscopic extirpative surgery. The model provides essential haptic feedback and high anatomical fidelity to the human hilar region, both of that are necessary for mastering complex vascular steps. Study limitations comprise small sample sizes in several cohorts and a heavy reliance on subjective participant satisfaction surveys. Conclusion: Live porcine models offer the primary benefit of significantly shortening the learning curve for laparoscopic extirpative procedures in a risk-free environment. This training modality ensures high technical precision and realistic tactile feedback, which are fundamental for maintaining the highest standards of patient safety in clinical practice.]]>
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