<![CDATA[The high cost of phantoms for diagnostic image quality control presents a challenge, especially for hospitals in remote areas. This study developed a low-cost, simplified phantom using acrylic and aluminum materials. Circular acrylic sheets, each 3 mm thick, were stacked into 10 layers and drilled with 15 holes, each filled with aluminum disks of varying thickness from 1 mm to 15 mm. The phantom was exposed to X-rays using tube voltages of 50 kV, 60 kV, and 70 kV for 5 ms at a tube current of 160 mA. The resulting radiographic images were analyzed using ImageJ to assess grayscale values. Results showed that images obtained at 60 kV provided the best contrast, with clear differentiation of aluminum thicknesses and separation from the background. At 50 kV, aluminum layers thicker than 10 mm were not easily distinguishable due to insufficient X-ray energy, while at 70 kV, thinner layers (1–5 mm) lacked visibility due to over-penetration. These findings suggest that the developed phantom is adequately responsive to exposure parameter changes and has potential for use in basic radiographic imaging evaluations and educational settings.]]>
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