<![CDATA[The increasing production of corn in Indonesia has generated abundant underutilized corncob waste, a lignocellulosic biomass whose lignin content makes it a promising feedstock for biorefinery applications. This study evaluated the effectiveness of High Voltage Electrical Discharge (HVED) combined with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NaDES) for lignin extraction, the performance of recycled NaDES, and the use of corncob biochar for Cu(II) ion removal during NaDES purification. A NaDES composed of choline chloride and lactic acid was recovered using an anti-solvent method, reused for HVED pretreatment, and purified using corncob biochar. HVED pretreatment at 15 kV for 6 min yielded 3.25% lignin, whereas conventional heating produced a higher lignin yield of 21.18% but required substantially higher energy input. The total energy consumption of HVED-NaDES pretreatment ranged from 4.18 to 5.98 kWh/kg, compared with 1198.93 kWh/kg for conventional heating. The recycled NaDES maintained its extraction performance for up to two recycling cycles. Corncob biochar effectively reduced Cu(II) concentration, demonstrating its potential as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for NaDES purification. Corncob biochar effectively reduced Cu(II) concentration, demonstrating its potential as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for NaDES purification. These findings highlight the potential of integrating HVED, NaDES recycling, and biochar purification as an energy-efficient and sustainable approach for lignocellulosic biorefineries.]]>
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