<![CDATA[The oil industry is under mounting pressure to reconcile economic viability with environmental sustainability while managing complex stakeholder dynamics. Traditional modelling approaches struggle to capture emergent behaviours from multi-agent decision-making in sustainable oil recovery (Bonabeau, 2002; Macal & North, 2010). Three field wells are examined through an economic review within an agent-based framework that integrates Ultra-Deep Azimuthal Resistivity (UDAR) technology with 3D far-field petrophysics to optimize sustainable oil recovery by improving stakeholder collaboration (Manuaba et al., 2025a). We developed a multi-agent system comprising nine stakeholder types of petrophysicists, drilling engineers, geologists, reservoir engineers, oil operators, service companies, government regulators, oil market analysts, and geopolitical forces that incorporate UDAR’s 3D far-field characterization capabilities. The model examines four critical points: economic feasibility, environmental impact, technical risk, and political stability. An agent-based framework illustrates how UDAR technology serves as a central information hub, facilitating informed decision-making across technical, business, and regulatory domains (Manuaba et al., 2024; Pewekar et al., 2025). The model captures complex feedback mechanisms, including market signals, regulatory alignment, technology integration loops and human interactions. Sustainability metrics, such as well lifespan, energy efficiency, social impact, economic viability, and resource conservation, are embedded in agents' decision-making processes (Erhueh et al., 2023). Results show that integrating UDAR technology with agent-based provides a robust framework for optimizing sustainable oil recovery operations. This approach enables coordinated stakeholder action while balancing competing objectives and adapting to dynamic market and regulatory conditions, offering significant potential for improving both economic and environmental outcomes.]]>
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