Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF)
Vol. 7 No. 5 (2026): JUTIF Volume 7, Number 5, October 2026

Detecting Implicit Sexual Harassment on Instagram and X: IndoBERT vs. Random Forest Efficiency and Manual Gold Standard

Wili Sandi Febriantana (Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Design, Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Asia Malang, Indonesia)
Philip Faster Eka Adipraja (Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Design, Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Asia Malang, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
10 Oct 2026

Abstract

Implicit sexual harassment on Indonesian social media frequently evades conventional keyword-based moderation due to linguistic complexity, such as slang and sarcasm. This study evaluates the trade-off between the effectiveness and efficiency of Random Forest and IndoBERT for detecting such content. Using a purposive sampling strategy to select high-risk Instagram and X (Twitter) accounts, we developed a manually labeled "Gold Standard" dataset, validated through inter-annotator agreement, to ensure high-quality ground truth. Experiments were conducted on an NVIDIA RTX 5050 environment to simulate real-world constraints, measuring F1-Score, Recall, and inference latency. The results demonstrate that IndoBERT significantly outperforms Random Forest, particularly on the imbalanced Instagram dataset, achieving an F1-Score of 0.7667 compared to Random Forest’s 0.5924. Statistical verification using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test confirms this superiority. While Random Forest is computationally lighter, requiring only 0.346 ± 0.016 seconds per training fold, it failed to detect subtle harassment, evidenced by a critically low Recall of 51.67% on the imbalanced Instagram dataset. Conversely, although IndoBERT requires a 345x higher training cost (119.28 ± 1.60 seconds), it achieved a rapid inference latency of 0.0239 ± 0.0008 seconds on GPU, proving its viability for real-time systems. Ultimately, this study's primary contribution lies in proving that IndoBERT significantly outperforms traditional Random Forest algorithms, thereby offering a major methodological step forward for Natural Language Processing in Indonesian. This ensures the reliable generalization of context-aware automated content moderation, delivering significant practical impacts for the field of Informatics and real-world social media safety.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jurnal

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT

Description

Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF) is an Indonesian national journal, publishes high-quality research papers in the broad field of Informatics, Information Systems and Computer Science, which encompasses software engineering, information system development, computer systems, computer network, ...