Effect of a behavior-based safety program on surgical safety checklist compliance among operating room staff: a mixed-methods quasi-experimental study

Arif Pandega Putra Nagara (Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta)
Wiwik Kusumawati (Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta)

Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia
Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia)

The study examined the effect of a Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) program on the implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) at PKU Muhammadiyah Gubug Hospital. A mixed-methods approach was used, involving 32 healthcare workers consisting of 18 nurses and 14 midwives. The results showed that the BBS program did not significantly improve healthcare workers’ knowledge (p = 0.304). However, it significantly improved compliance with SSC implementation (p = 0.025), although compliance was still not optimal. The qualitative findings indicated that SSC implementation was influenced by individual factors, teamwork and the work environment, as well as organizational and management factors. Overall, the BBS program was effective in improving compliance with the SSC but had limited impact on knowledge.