<![CDATA[Background: This study is motivated by the increasing pressure on the manufacturing sector to adopt sustainable business practices in order to reduce environmental impacts while enhancing corporate competitiveness. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) on operational efficiency and competitive advantage, as well as to examine the mediating role of operational efficiency. Method: This study employs a quantitative approach, with data collected through a survey using questionnaires distributed to respondents from manufacturing companies, and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Results: The findings indicate that GSCM has a positive and significant effect on both operational efficiency and competitive advantage. Furthermore, operational efficiency significantly influences competitive advantage and acts as a partial mediator in the relationship between GSCM and competitive advantage. These results confirm that integrating environmentally friendly practices with operational efficiency can enhance a firm’s competitive advantage in a sustainable manner.]]>
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