Perlindungan Hukum Kreditor Dalam Eksekusi Hak Tanggungan Atas Debitur Wanprestasi Berdasarkan Putusan MA Nomor 174 K/Pdt/2021

Medra Tunggul Parningotan (Ilmu Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang)
Yuniar Rahmatiar (Ilmu Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang)
Muhamad Abas (Ilmu Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang)

JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum

This research investigates the suboptimal implementation of mortgage security (Hak Tanggungan) execution in safeguarding creditors’ rights against defaulting debtors, notwithstanding the provisions of Law Number 4 of 1996. In practice, litigation initiated by debtors frequently obstructs collateral auctions, hindering creditors from realizing their rights efficiently. This study evaluates the regulatory framework of mortgage execution and the scope of legal protection for creditors, specifically analyzing Supreme Court Decision Number 174 K/Pdt/2021. Utilizing a juridical-empirical method with statutory and case-based approaches, data were gathered via literature reviews and interviews for qualitative analysis. Findings indicate that while creditors normatively possess parate execution authority through mortgage certificates, empirical evidence suggests that legal certainty is undermined by protracted judicial processes. Although Decision No. 174 K/Pdt/2021 validates execution upon proven default, implementation remains contingent on a final and binding ruling (inkracht). Consequently, a significant discrepancy between legal ideals and judicial reality persists, rendering creditor protection ineffective.