<![CDATA[This research aims to investigate the effect of growth time variation of magnesium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Mg) nanomaterials on the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The synthesis method employed was the seed-mediated hydrothermal process, with a Mg doping concentration of 4% mol and growth times ranging from 9 and 10 hours. The variation of growth time was selected to analyze the relationship between the morphological evolution of ZnO:Mg nanorods and their optical properties as well as crystal structure. The samples were characterized using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) to study optical properties, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine crystal structure, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) to observe morphology, and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) to identify elemental composition. The results showed that the variation of growth time affected the optical properties, crystal structure, morphology, and DSSC efficiency. The ZnO:Mg sample with an 9-hour growth time exhibited the highest absorbance of 1.45 a.u., the lowest band gap energy of 3.33 eV, and the best crystallinity with an FWHM value of 0.23° and a crystal size of 35.27 nm. FESEM analysis revealed denser and more homogeneous nanorod morphology, while EDX analysis showed the highest Mg content of 0.70% atomic percentage in the 9-hour sample.]]>
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