Optimizing Horticultural Crop Planting Schedules for Supply-Demand Balancing in Toba Regency Using Mixed Integer Linear Programming and IBM CPLEX

Servika Dumaris Naulita Tampubolon (Del Institute of Technology)
Fitriani Tupa R. Silalahi (Del Institute of Technology)
Lira Agusinta (Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti)

Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi Review
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): December

This study develops a planting scheduling model for horticultural crops in Toba Regency using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) with IBM ILOG CPLEX Optimization Studio. Under the optimized schedule, the annual supply-demand deviation for shallots is 44.9 tons against a total demand of 1,785.1 tons (about 2.5%), confirming a close match between production and demand. Sensitivity analysis shows the schedule remains feasible when demand rises by 10% (total shallot deviation of 642.73 tons against a higher demand of 1,963.61 tons) and when productivity falls by 10% (total shallot deviation of 532.86 tons against a demand of 1,785.1 tons), indicating that the model can absorb moderate demand and productivity shocks without infeasibility. The model thus provides a practical decision-support tool for balancing supply and demand and improving land-use efficiency, although it remains limited by the use of static one-year data and the exclusion of weather variability.