Tinjauan Filsafat Hukum terhadap Keadilan Substantif dalam Kebijakan Hilirisasi Mineral Indonesia di Tengah Tuntutan Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia

Harlin Sabrinda Rasya (Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta)
Marcha Jeanne Mawene (Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta)

Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI)
Vol 4, No 3 (2026): September 2026

This study analyzes the tension between Indonesia’s mineral downstreaming policy and international trade law in the DS592 dispute before the WTO from a legal philosophy perspective. This normative juridical study employs statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings show that the WTO Panel’s decision in DS592 emphasized the application of Article XI section (1) of the GATT 1994 through a positivist-formalistic approach. Meanwhile, Indonesia’s downstreaming policy is grounded in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution and the principle of Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources as an expression of the state’s authority to manage natural resources for national development. The DS592 dispute demonstrates a tension between compliance with international trade law and the need for developing countries to preserve policy space in managing their natural resources. Therefore, the application of international trade law should consider legal certainty alongside substantive justice, development needs, and state sovereignty over natural resources.