International Journal of Health, Engineering and Technology
Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): In Press

Factors Associated With Low Back Pain Complaints Among Warehouse Workers At PT. X In 2026

Muhammad Rafly Firmansyah (Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul)
Veza Azteria (Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul)
Mayumi Nitami (Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul)
Ade Heryana (Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul)



Article Info

Publish Date
11 Oct 2026

Abstract

Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders experienced by warehouse workers due to manual handling activities, non-ergonomic working postures, and repetitive physical workloads. This condition may reduce work productivity and negatively affect workers' health. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with Low Back Pain complaints among warehouse workers at PT. X in 2026. This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 81 warehouse workers, all of whom were included as the research sample using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire to identify Low Back Pain complaints, while working posture was assessed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The findings indicated that most warehouse workers experienced Low Back Pain complaints. Bivariate analysis showed that age and length of employment were significantly associated with Low Back Pain complaints (p < 0.05), whereas working duration was not significantly associated with Low Back Pain (p > 0.05). The REBA assessment revealed that most work activities were classified as having moderate to high ergonomic risk, indicating the need for corrective ergonomic interventions. It can be concluded that age and length of employment are factors associated with Low Back Pain complaints among warehouse workers at PT. X. The company is recommended to implement ergonomic programs, provide manual handling aids, and conduct regular ergonomic training and working posture evaluations to reduce the risk of Low Back Pain.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ijhet

Publisher

Subject

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Dentistry Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

Description

International Journal of Health, Engineering and Technology (IJHET) is to provide research media and an important reference for the progress and dissemination of research results that support high-level research in the field of Health, Engineering and technology. Original theoretical work and ...