<![CDATA[Karachi Port is a critical gateway for Pakistan’s international trade; however, its inventory management remains constrained by fragmented information systems, manual documentation, limited real-time cargo visibility, and weak coordination among stakeholders. These challenges hinder operational efficiency, delay cargo movement, and restrict the scalability of inventory operations. This study aims to examine the scalability of inventory management at Karachi Port and evaluate the contributions of real-time inventory systems, dynamic capabilities, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) adoption, and data-driven efficiency to operational performance. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was employed involving 32 stakeholders directly engaged in inventory and supply chain operations at Karachi Port. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling combined with snowball sampling. Data were collected through a structured 15-item Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, reliability analysis, and multiple linear regression with SPSS. The findings indicate that IoT/RFID integration achieved the highest descriptive mean, followed by dynamic capabilities and CRM adoption. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between scalability and IoT/RFID integration, dynamic capabilities, and CRM adoption. However, regression analysis demonstrated that CRM adoption was the only significant independent predictor of inventory management scalability. These findings imply that strengthening stakeholder coordination through a centralized CRM-based Port Community System should be prioritized before expanding IoT/RFID implementation, thereby providing a practical roadmap for improving operational efficiency, cargo visibility, and sustainable scalability at Karachi Port.]]>
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