Psychiatry Nursing Journal (Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa)
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): September 2026

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANXIETY LEVEL AND INSOMNIA AMONG VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Mundakir Mundakir (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia)
Mochamad Sakti Raharjo (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia)
Reliani Reliani (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Sura)
Aries Chandra Ananditha (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia)
Diah Priyantini (1. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, 2. School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan)
Daviq Ayatulloh (1. Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Gresik, Gresik, Indonesia, 2. School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan)



Article Info

Publish Date
16 Sep 2026

Abstract

Introduction: Anxiety and insomnia were common health concerns among adolescents and could affect concentration, emotional regulation, learning readiness, and daily functioning. Vocational high school students might have been particularly vulnerable because they faced both academic demands and competency-based practical training.  Method: This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2022 at a public vocational high school in East Java, Indonesia. A total of 162 grade XII students were selected using stratified random sampling. The independent variable was anxiety level, which was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, while the dependent variable was insomnia severity, which was assessed using the KSPBJ Insomnia Rating Scale. Descriptive statistics and the Spearman rank correlation test were used for data analysis. Results: Most participants were aged 17 years (54.3%) and were male (52.5%). Moderate anxiety was reported by 107 students (66.0%), followed by mild anxiety in 42 students (25.9%) and no anxiety in 13 students (8.0%). Mild insomnia was reported by 114 students (70.4%), moderate insomnia by 46 students (28.4%), and no insomnia by 2 students (1.2%). Anxiety level was significantly associated with insomnia severity (r = 0.215; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Anxiety level was significantly and positively associated with insomnia severity among vocational high school students, although the strength of the relationship was weak. This finding indicated that students with higher anxiety levels tended to report greater insomnia severity, suggesting that anxiety and sleep problems might have represented interconnected student health concerns that warranted attention in school-based health assessments.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

PNJ

Publisher

Subject

Health Professions Nursing Public Health

Description

Psychiatry Nursing Journal is a scientific journal that includes research results in the field of nursing or related health professions: Mental Care Holistic Nursing Family Care Psychosocial Care The Psychiatry Nursing Journal receives all research articles related to the latest issues and trends in ...