Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health
Vol 8, No 3 (2026): Contagion

Changes in Awareness, Capacity, and Empowerment among Family Planning Cadres Following Community Empowerment Training in Padang City: A Three-Month Repeated-Measures Study

Dewi Susanti (Midwifery Department, Padang Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia)
Rahmi Andrita Yuda (Midwifery Department, Faculty of Health, Mohammad Husni Thamrin University)
Erwani Erwani (Midwifery Department, Padang Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
26 Sep 2026

Abstract

Unmet need for contraception, defined as women who wish to postpone or avoid pregnancy but are not using any contraceptive method, remains a major public health challenge. In Indonesia, the prevalence of unmet need has remained at approximately 10–12% over the past two decades, while Padang City recorded 28.9% in the 2020 National Socioeconomic Survey, highlighting the need for effective community-based interventions. This study examined changes in family planning cadres’ awareness, capacity, and empowerment following Community Empowerment Module–based training in Padang City. A one-group repeated-measures quasi-experimental study included 120 family planning cadres in Padang City, West Sumatra. All participants completed assessments at baseline (T0), immediately after the 21-day training program (T1), and at the three-month follow-up (T2). Awareness, capacity, and empowerment were assessed using structured questionnaires and knowledge assessments. Changes over time were analyzed using a repeated-measures General Linear Model with a significance level of p < 0.05. All three outcomes increased progressively across the three measurement points. From baseline to three months, awareness increased by 3.875 points (95% CI: 3.648–4.102), capacity by 8.875 points (95% CI: 8.587–9.163), and empowerment by 18.692 points (95% CI: 18.243–19.140), with all adjusted p-values < 0.001. The overall effects across the three measurement points were large for awareness (partial η² = 0.936), capacity (partial η² = 0.979), and empowerment (partial η² = 0.993). Community Empowerment Module–based training was associated with improvements in family planning cadres’ awareness, capacity, and empowerment, with improvements persisting at the three-month assessment. These findings suggest enhanced cadre competencies that may support community-based efforts to address unmet need for contraception; however, whether the intervention reduces the prevalence of unmet need for contraception remains to be demonstrated.Keywords: Contraception, Unmet Need, Community Empowerment, Community Health Workers, Indonesia

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Journal Info

Abbrev

contagion

Publisher

Subject

Health Professions Public Health

Description

Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health, A Scientific Periodic Journal of Public Health published by the Public health Study Program of The Faculty of Public Health UINSU Medan. This Journal prioritiez the collaboration of lecturers and students with scope of the ...