Nusantara Civil Engineering Journal
Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Nusantara Civil Engineering Journal (July - December 2026 - INPRESS)

Feasibility constraints in public works price adjustment weighting in Nepal

Prasanna Jibi Ghimire (Kathmandu Engineering College)
Prerana Khatiwada (Kathmandu Engineering College)



Article Info

Publish Date
10 Sep 2026

Abstract

Price-adjustment clauses distribute construction cost fluctuation between public employers and contractors, but the weighting intervals written in bidding documents do not necessarily provide the discretion they appear to provide. This study audited 31 official Nepal e-GP works documents and collapsed repeated designs into 19 distinct coefficient-range specifications. For each specification, the feasible combinations of labour, materials and equipment coefficients were derived under the contractual normalization constraint with a non-adjustable coefficient of 0.15. Seventeen specifications produced polygonal feasible regions, whereas two nominal interval sets collapsed to a single admissible weighting. Among polygonal specifications, feasible area in the labour-material coefficient plane ranged from 0.0012 to 0.0350, a 29-fold difference. Historical sensitivity was then evaluated for eight specifications whose index sources were compatible with Nepal Rastra Bank construction labour, construction materials and machinery/equipment series. Under the 2022/23-2023/24 annual-average movement, the broadest specification permitted a 1.810 percentage-point spread in the adjustment factor, equivalent to about NPR 1.81 million per NPR 100 million of adjustment-eligible work. The results show that coefficient normalization should be checked explicitly when drafting and evaluating price-adjustment schedules.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

nuce

Publisher

Subject

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Description

Nusantara Civil Engineering Journal is the open-access peer-reviewed journal of civil engineering and environment. This journal is published by the Department of Civil Engineering, Balikpapan State Polytechnics, it has scopes and focuses in: 1. Road & Bridge Construction 2. Transportation System 3. ...