Tafsir Konstitusional: Kriteria Pembentukan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (2003-2023): Constitutional Interpretation: Criteria for the Issuance of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law in Constitutional Court Decisions (2003-2023)

Mohammad Agus Maulidi (Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia)

Jurnal Konstitusi
Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025)

Over-reliance on Constitutional Court Decision No. 138/PUU-VII/2009 as the primary benchmark for Government Regulations in Lieu of Law has led to overlooking other final and binding decisions from 2003-2023 that also established issuance criteria. This research analyzes the legitimacy and formation criteria for these regulations, examining multiple Constitutional Court decisions from 2003-2023. Using a juridical-normative and case-law approach, this study finds the Constitutional Court has established multiple material and formal criteria for the issuance and substantive content of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law. These criteria mandate such regulations as a last resort for compelling urgencies, adhering to legal certainty and constitutional principles. Presidential subjectivity in issuing Government Regulations in Lieu of Law is thereby limited by these Constitutional Court-established criteria. Differing criteria across Constitutional Court decisions are construed as jurisprudential refinement and adaptation to evolving state governance needs, complementing previous rulings.