An Indonesian Air Force Materiel Maintenance Depot (the unit) plays a strategic role in maintaining the operational readiness of air defense weapon systems. Declining employee discipline trends and inconsistencies in performance motivate this study to examine the partial and simultaneous effects of work discipline, competence, and work motivation on personnel performance, and to identify the most dominant variable. A quantitative explanatory design was employed with a population of 334 military personnel at the research unit. Using the Slovin formula with a 10% margin of error, 77 respondents were selected through random sampling. Data were collected via a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression preceded by validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. Results show that work discipline does not significantly affect personnel performance (t = −0.492, sig. = 0.624). Competence positively and significantly affects personnel performance (t = 4.284, sig. = 0.000, β = 0.55), and work motivation similarly has a positive and significant effect (t = 4.535, sig. = 0.000, β = 0.43). Simultaneously, all three variables significantly influence personnel performance (F = 84.735, sig. = 0.000, R² = 0.777). Competence emerges as the most dominant variable, underscoring the need for continuous technical training and competency development at the unit.
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