Socio-Economic and Population Analysis and Its Influence on Crime in Indonesia

Dila Maya Safitri (Faculty of Economics and Business, State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia)
Farida Rahmawati (Faculty of Economics and Business, State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia)

Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan
Vol. 23 No. 01 (2025): Jurnal ekonomi Pembangunan

Crime is a crucial issue regarding social deviation that is a concern worldwide. This study aims to analyze how economic factors such as economic inequality, education, population, and wage levels affect the number of crime cases in Indonesia from 2019 to 2023. The variables used are the human development index, the number of crimes resolved, population density, wages of informal sector workers, wages of formal sector workers, workforce employed, government spending on social assistance, the Gini ratio, and the proportion of employment. The method used is Dynamic Panel Data or the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) Arellano-Bond. The results of the study indicate that the variables of the Human Development Index, the number of crimes handled, Population Density, and the Labor Force currently working significantly influence the number of crimes in Indonesia with a positive influence.