<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the causes of Idle Time in Internal Truck Vehicles (ITV) and its contribution to increasing internal failure costs in container handling operations at Surabaya Container Terminal. Idle Time refers to waiting periods when ITV is not operating productively, leading to fuel waste and reduced operational efficiency. The research employs a qualitative approach through observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature review. Findings indicate that the dominant factors causing Idle Time include limited ITV fleet availability, suboptimal operational coordination, and external conditions such as weather and equipment breakdowns. The impact of Idle Time on internal failure costs is reflected in the increased fuel expenses without corresponding production output, which affects the company’s BOPO ratio. Strategic recommendations include strengthening planning and control systems, implementing demand-based fleet management, and adopting energy efficiency policies to minimize Idle Time. These findings are expected to enhance operational efficiency and improve the competitiveness of Surabaya Container Terminal. ]]>
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