Design and Performance Evaluation of a Hybrid Photovoltaic System Integrated with Battery Storage and Utility Grid for Residential Applications

Muhammad Reza Fahlevi (Department of Electrical Engineering, Trisakti University)
Syah Alam (Department of Electrical Engineering, Trisakti University)
Dianing Novita Nurmala Putri (Department of Electrical Engineering, Trisakti University)

Jurnal Ecotipe (Electronic, Control, Telecommunication, Information, and Power Engineering)
Vol 13 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ecotipe, October 2026

The increasing demand for residential electricity requires a reliable and sustainable energy supply. However, photovoltaic (PV) systems are highly dependent on solar irradiance, resulting in fluctuating power generation. This study designs and evaluates a prototype hybrid PV system integrating a 160 Wp solar panel, a 12 V 100 Ah battery, a 1000 W hybrid inverter, and the utility grid (PLN). Performance was evaluated based on voltage, current, power, and irradiance. The results show that an average irradiance of 560.7 W/m² produced 15.91 V, 1.77 A, and 28.03 W, with a maximum power of 45.49 W at 754.9 W/m². The system maintained stable output voltage while current and power increased with irradiance, and it reliably supplied a daily load of 320 Wh using solar energy as the primary source, batteries for storage, and the grid as backup. These results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid PV system improves the reliability of residential electricity supply.