<![CDATA[This study evaluates the yield, quality, and fatty acid profile of tiger stingray (Himantura fava) liver oil extracted using three methods: dry rendering, Soxhlet extraction, and maceration. The choice of extraction method plays a crucial role in determining the quality and composition of the resulting oil. This study assessed quality parameters including free fatty acid content, peroxide value, water content, density, and viscosity, as well as the fatty acid profile characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the dry rendering method yielded 32.821±0.050%, which was significantly higher than the yields obtained by Soxhlet extraction (23.246±0.171%) and maceration (23.312±0.056%). Oil extracted by the dry rendering method showed superior quality that met the Indonesian National Standard, as indicated by lower free fatty acid content (0.652±0.031%), peroxide value (2.853±0.022 mEq/kg), and moisture content (0.952±0.018%) than the other methods. GC-MS analysis showed that tiger stingray liver oil contained 61.35% unsaturated fatty acids, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (15.28%), monounsaturated fatty acids (17.20%), omega-3 fatty acids (14.96%), and omega-6 fatty acids (13.91%). Overall, among the extraction methods evaluated, the dry rendering method yielded liver oil with higher yield, better quality, and a more favorable essential fatty acid content under the experimental conditions of this study.]]>
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