Strategi Penanganan Pengecualian Pasif, Reaktif, Antisipatif: Simulasi Diskrit Ketahanan Operasional Layanan EEG Rawat Jalan

Tikno Tikno (Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia, Jawa Timur)
Rais Rafdiadzan (Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia, Jawa Timur)

TIN: TERAPAN INFORMATIKA NUSANTARA
Vol 7 No 5 (2026): October 2026

Outpatient electroencephalography (EEG) services face service-time variability, resource constraints, and operational disruptions that increase patient waiting time and Length of Stay (LoS). This study develops a High-Fidelity Discrete-Event Simulation (HF-DES) model that explicitly represents disruptions as operational exceptions in order to compare three handling strategies, namely Baseline (S1, passive), Active Handling (S2, reactive), and Anticipatory Resilience (S3, anticipatory), in terms of both efficiency and operational resilience. The model integrates service flows, probability distributions derived from Quantile Matching Optimization, resource capacities, operational calendars, and disruption mechanisms, and was verified and validated using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and statistical tests. Experiments used 30 replications per scenario with Common Random Numbers and Holm–Bonferroni correction, together with stress testing through increased demand, machine disruptions, and service durations. The model is highly accurate (MAPE 0.59%; p > 0.05). Scenario S3 performs best, with a LoS of 63.59 minutes (75.73% lower than S1), a waiting time of 6.17 minutes, and the lowest Robustness Index of 12.7% (S1: 571.7%; S2: 16.8%). The superiority of S3 is theoretically grounded: because administrative completeness and resource readiness are verified before patients enter the critical pathway, exceptions are prevented from propagating into the queue, so process variability and cascading delays are reduced at their source rather than recovered after they occur; in queueing theory this reduces waiting time most strongly when utilization is high. Managerially, hospitals can improve both the efficiency and the resilience of EEG services through procedural redesign and hospital information system integration, without adding physicians, technicians, or machines.