Journal of Information Systems and Informatics
Vol 8 No 5 (2026): October

Benchmarking Embedding Models for POJK Regulatory Retrieval in Indonesian Insurance Documents

Daeng Ahmad Nurdin (Mercu Buana University)
Bambang Jokonowo (Mercu Buana University)
Bagus Priambodo (Mercu Buana University)



Article Info

Publish Date
24 Oct 2026

Abstract

Indonesian insurance regulations are clause-dense and terminologically specific, making manual retrieval of applicable provisions difficult. This study presents a retrieval-only benchmark comparing embedding and lexical methods on POJK 26/2025 and POJK 36/2025. The corpus contains 181 context chunks and 181 synthetic Indonesian queries, each assigned one primary relevant chunk. Queries were generated in JSON mode using Gemma 4 E4B via Ollama (ollama:gemma4:e4b), with malformed outputs retried and heuristic fallbacks prohibited. Evaluation comprised a four-model local dense comparison and a separate native BGE-M3/BM25 ablation using exact exhaustive ranking. The local comparison reports MRR and Hit rates, while the native ablation additionally reports NDCG@10, MAP@10, bootstrap confidence intervals, paired tests, and rank bins. Qwen3 Embedding achieved the highest local MRR (0.8075). Under a prespecified descriptive composite rule combining MRR, Hit rates, and measured latency, BGE-M3 ranked first. In the native ablation, BGE-M3 combined retrieval achieved NDCG@10 of 0.8810. A practitioner-validated subset audit and artifact-backed qualitative analysis supplemented the quantitative results. Findings are limited to this two-document benchmark and do not evaluate answer generation, citation correctness, or end-to-end RAG faithfulness.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

isi

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT

Description

Journal-ISI is a scientific article journal that is the result of ideas, great and original thoughts about the latest research and technological developments covering the fields of information systems, information technology, informatics engineering, and computer science, and industrial engineering ...