Jurnal Riset Mahasiswa Matematika
Vol 6, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Mahasiswa Matematika

Geodesic Convexity and Hop Domination in Graph Powers: The Path Family

Karrar Khudhair Obayes (University of Al-Qadisiyah)
Ghadeer Khudhair Obayes (University of Al-Qadisiyah)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Oct 2026

Abstract

Graph powers alter distances in a predictable manner, making them a useful setting for domination parameters defined through distance. We consider convex hop domination in powers of paths. The usual distance identity for graph powers is employed only as a metric reduction: distance two in the powered graph corresponds to the condition k dG(u,v) 2k in the original graph. Our contribution is the complete exact classification for path powers with k 2, supported by matching upper and lower bounds in the complete, diameter-two transition, and stable ranges. The case k = 1 is not new; it is the path result of Hassan, Canoy, and Saromines (2023) and is retained only to present the classification in a unified form. For higher powers, the argument relies on k-step geodesic progressions, endpoint-span estimates, and common-neighbor structure in the transition range. We also check the formulas exhaustively for 102 pairs with 1 k 6 and 2 n 18. The verification procedure, complete tested values, and executable Python code are supplied to make this computational check reproducible.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jrmm

Publisher

Subject

Mathematics

Description

Jurnal Riset Mahasiswa Matematika (JRMM) publishes current research articles in any area of Mathematics Research such as graph labelings, modeling, statistics, actuaria, optimal network problems, metric dimension, graph coloring, rainbow connection and other related topics. JRMM is published six ...