<![CDATA[ Selecting natural stone suppliers for construction projects is a complex issue that cannot be determined solely by price, given the variations in quality, timeliness, capacity, proximity, flexibility, and supplier reliability. There is an urgent need for an objective supplier selection model to support procurement effectiveness regarding cost, quality, scheduling, and supply continuity. This study aims to analyse the factors determining supplier performance and their structural influence on procurement effectiveness. An explanatory quantitative approach was employed, involving a sample of 150 respondents selected via purposive sampling. Data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire with a 1–5 Likert scale, distributed both in person and via Google Forms (shared through WhatsApp). Data analysis was conducted using the PLS-SEM method (via SmartPLS software), encompassing descriptive analysis, evaluation of the outer and inner models, and bootstrapping. The results indicate that 98.67% of the data were valid; outer loadings ranged from 0.781 to 0.879, AVE values from 0.756 to 0.839, and Cronbach’s Alpha values from 0.852 to 0.903. The model yielded an R² value of 0.742 and a Q² value of 0.587. Reliability exerted the strongest influence (β = 0.286; p < 0.001), followed by quality (β = 0.247; p < 0.001), whereas supplier proximity did not show a significant influence (β = 0.087; p = 0.082). The findings reveal a multidimensional and performance-based approach to supplier evaluation. In conclusion, reliability is a strategic determinant of procurement effectiveness. The implication is that the supplier selection process should prioritize consistency, quality, timeliness, and continuity of supply. This model strengthens evidence-based decision-making and reduces reliance solely on price and proximity in procurement practices.]]>
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