<![CDATA[Objective: To analyze the transformation of the regional waste management system through institutional, legal, and Regional Public Service Agency (Badan Layanan Umum Daerah-BLUD) financial frameworks in response to the chronic overcapacity at the Regional Landfill (Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir Regional-TPAR) Kebon Kongok, West Nusa Tenggara (receiving 300 tons/day against a 200 tons/day design capacity). Design/Methods/Approach: This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining a quantitative survey of 100 respondents with qualitative interviews of four key informants. The data were analyzed using a multi-stakeholder weighted SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) approach. Findings: The results reveal a 20% awareness-action gap (63% awareness vs. 43% active implementation) among stakeholders. Furthermore, the SWOT analysis positions the facility in Quadrant II (IFA = -0.468, EFA = +0.102), indicating the need for a turnaround (WO) strategy. The study also identifies complex Negative Impact Compensation (Kompensasi Dampak Negatif-KDN) procedures and limited capacity as root causes, infrastructure deficits and a nascent circular economy as structural barriers, and the NIMBY syndrome as a social manifestation. Originality/Value: This study contributes by formulating a novel Multi-Level Barriers Framework that systematically categorizes the root causes, structural barriers, and social manifestations of regional waste management challenges, specifically integrating institutional, legal, and BLUD financial perspectives. Practical/Policy implication: The formulated framework provides actionable strategic priorities, including KDN procedure reform, circular economy development, and phased BLUD enhancement. These recommendations are directly aligned with achieving the regional targets set by Governor Regulation No. 14/2020 for waste reduction (30%) and handling (70%).]]>
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