Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian
Vol 16, No 1 (2012): Agrin

MENINGKATKAN INDEKS PERTANAMAN PADI SAWAH MENUJU IP PADI 400

Supriatna, Ade (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Apr 2012

Abstract

Salah satu program Badan Litbang Pertanian dalam peningkatan produksi beras nasional adalah programIP Padi 400. Program IP.padi 400 ditempuh dengan dua strategi yaitu rekayasa teknologi dan rekayasa sosialuntuk optimalisasi ruang dan waktu sehingga indeks pertanaman dapat dimaksimalkan. Masalahnya bagaimanaimplementasi peningkatan indeks pertanaman tersebut di tingkat lapangan. Kajian ini dilaksanakan tahun 2009 diProvinsi Sulawesi Selatan dan Jawa Tengah, keduanya merupakan lokasi sasaran pengembangan IP Padi 400.Tujuan pengkajian, yaitu; (a) menginformasikan pengertian IP Padi 400, (b) upaya rekayasa teknologi, (c) upayarekayasa sosial, dan (d) mengsintesis syarat keharusan dalam pengembangan IP Padi 400. Hasil menunjukanbahwa dalam pengembangan Indeks pertanaman empat kali padi setahun, layak dilakukan dengan beberapasyarat keharusan: (a) aspek teknis meliputi penggunaan varietas padi sangat genjah (VUSG), teknik persemaian”culikan”, penggunaan alsintan, introduksi alat dekomposer dan monitoring hama penyakit; (b) aspek ekonomismeliputi efisiensi biaya produksi, tingkat produksi dan pendapatan lebih tinggi dari eksisting, mengoptimalkankelompok panen dan kelompok tanam serta upaya stabilitas harga gabah; dan (c) aspek kelembagaan meliputimengoptimalkan kelompok tani, dukungan lembaga keuangan mikro, penyediaan teknologi yang dibutuhkan dandukungan kebijakan pemerintah. Sepanjang kondisi ideal belum bisa terrealisasi, maka IP Padi 300 lebih layakuntuk dikembangkan daripada IP Padi 400. Program ini dapat dijadikan alternative terobosan kebijakanmendorong peningkatan produksi beras nasional.Kata kunci: Padi sawah, indeks pertanaman ,rekayasa teknologi dan sosial.ABSTRACTOne of AARD pogram in increasing rice production was a program of rice cropping index of 400. Thisprogram will be implemented through two strategies that is technological and social assessments to shorten timeand space so that a cropping index can be maximized. This paper is a review of strategy for improving thecropping index of lowland rice to reach cropping index of 400. The objectives of study; (a) to inform theunderstanding of rice cropping indek 400, (b) to describe the effort of technological assessment, (c) describe theeffort of social assessment, and (d) to synthesis the necessary condition in developing the rice cropping index of400. The results showed that the rice cropping index of 400 can be conducted with several necessary conditionsnamely: (a) technical aspects including the uses of superior varieties, seedling technique “culikan”, agriculturalmechanization, introduction of decomposer and monitoring of pest and disease; (b) the economic aspectincluding the efficiency of production cost, higher production and revenue than existing, optimalization ofharvest and planting groups and stability of the rice price; and (c) institutional aspect including optimalizationof farmer groups, micro financial institution, provision of technology required by farmers, and governmentspolicies. As long as the ideal condition has been not created for developing the cropping index of 400, thecropping index of 300 is more feasible to be developed either by technical, social, economical and theenvironment aspects. This program can be used as an alternative policy for supporting the national riceproduction.Keywords: Lowland rice, cropping index, technology and social assessments

Copyrights © 2012






Journal Info

Abbrev

agrin

Publisher

Subject

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Description

Agrin provides facilities for publishing articles or quality papers in the form of research results in various aspects of agriculture and agricultural commodities widely including ; agronomy, agroecology, plant breeding, horticulture, soil science, plant protection, agribusiness, agroforestry, food ...