KARAKTERISASI FENOTIPE DAN GENOTIPE TIGA POPULASI IKAN TENGADAK (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii)

Irin Iriana Kusmini (Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries)
Rudhy Gustiano (Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries)
Deni Radona (Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries)
Vitas Atmadi Prakoso (Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries)
Fera Permata Putri (Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries)
Tri Heru Prihadi (Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries)

Jurnal Riset Akuakultur
Vol 11, No 3 (2016): (September 2016)

Ikan tengadak, Barbonymus schwanenfeldii merupakan salah satu jenis ikan lokal yang potensial untuk dikembangkan. Kemungkinan keberhasilan pengembangan ikan ini sangat tinggi karena ikan tengadak sekerabat dengan ikan tawes. Studi keragaman genetik dilakukan dalam upaya pemanfaatan sumber daya genetik untuk kegiatan budidaya secara berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis keragaman dan kekerabatan antara populasi ikan tengadak asal Jawa, Sumatera, dan Kalimantan. Analisis fenotipe dilakukan berdasarkan pengukuran truss-morfometrik, sedangkan analisis genotipe dilakukan secara molekuler menggunakan metode PCR-RAPD dengan primer OPA-08, OPA-09, dan OPC-02. Hasil analisis fungsi kanonikal truss-morfometrik menunjukkan sebaran pengukuran ketiga populasi berada pada kuadran yang berbeda dengan persentase indeks keseragaman tertinggi pada populasi Sumatera dan Jawa (100%). Analisis genotipe menunjukkan ikan tengadak populasi Kalimantan memiliki nilai polimorfisme (50,00) dan heterozigositas tertinggi (0,206); secara kekerabatan ikan tengadak Kalimantan memiliki jarak yang jauh dengan ikan tengadak Jawa dan Sumatera.Tinfoil barb Barbonymus schwanenfeldii is one of potential local fish species for aquaculture development. The successful probability of aquaculture development of tinfoil barb is very high due to close genetic relationship with silver barb. Study related to genetic diversity was conducted in order to explore genetic resources for sustainable aquaculture. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity and relationship between tinfoil barb populations from Java, Sumatra, and Kalimantan. Phenotype analysis was conducted by truss morphometric, whereas genotype analysis conducted by PCR-RAPD using OPA-08, OPA-09, and OPC-02 primers. The results of canonical correlation analysis from truss-morphometric measurements showed that the distribution of three populations were located in different quadrants with the highest similarity index percentage on Sumatra and Java population (100%). Genotypic analysis showed that tinfoil barb population from Kalimantan revealed the highest value of polymorphism (50.00) and heterozygosity (0.206), Kalimantan population have distantly genetic relationship to tinfoil barb from Java and Sumatra.