KEWENANGAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN TERKAIT PENGAWASAN START-UP CROWDFUNDING BERBASIS DONASI MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM REGULATORY SANDBOX

Abdus Salam Fathoni

Jurnal Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum
Sarjana Ilmu Hukum, April 2019

Abdus Salam Fathoni, Dr. Reka Dewantara, S.H., M.H., Diah Pawestri Maharani, S.H., M.H. Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Brawijaya E-mail: [e-mail]  ABSTRAK Crowdfunding berbasis donasi masih mengacu pada  Undang-undang  No.9 Tahun 1961 tеntang Pеngumpulan Uang atau Barang, padahal peraturan tersebut bersifat konvensional, sedangkan crowdfunding berbasis donasi bersisfat online yang melibatkan  lalu lintas jasa keuangan dan menjadi wewenang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. OJK telah mengerluarkan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan No.13 Tahun 2018 tentang Inovasi Keuangan Digital di sektor jasa keuangan yang didalamnya menerapkan mekanisme pengujian terhadap start-up crowdfunding berbasis donasi, akan tetapi penerapannya tidak efektif karena hasil pengujian sebatas rekomendasi. Sehingga pokok permasalahannya adalah bagaimana kewenangan yang dimiliki Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) terkait pengawasan Crowdfunding berbasis donasi menggunakan sistem regulatory sandbox. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan pendakatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan analitis, dan pendekatan perbandingan. Berdasarkan pembahasan, dapat diketahui bahwa Kewenangan OJK dalam mengawasi pengumpulan sumbangan menggunakan metode crowdfunding berfokus pada lalu lintas keuangannya, tidak pada start-up atau perusahaannya. Sehingga OJK harus membuat peraturan mengenai mekanisme terkait bagaimana pengaturan, pengawasan jalannya crowdfunding berbasis donasi yang terintregasi, dan penyelesaian masalah apabila terjadi sengketa dalam pelaksanaannya. Kata Kunci: Kewenangan OJK, Crowdfunding berbasis donasi, Regulatory Sandbox.   ABSTRACT Donation-based crowdfunding still refers to Act Number 9 of 1961 concerning Goods and Fundraising. While the regulation is conventional, donation-based crowdfunding is online-based that invovles financial services traffic and this is still under the authority of Financial Services Authority. The Financial Services Authority has issued Regulation Number 13 of 2018 concerning Digital Financial Innovation in financial services sector within which the testing mechanism for donation-based start-up crowdfunding applies. However, the implementation is not effective because the testing result is still a recommendation. The main concern is that what authority is held by the Financial Services Authority concerning control over donation-based crowdfunding with regulatory sandbox system? This research is based on normative legal research with statute, analytical, and comparative approaches. This study reveals that the authority held by Financial Services Authority to control the donation through crowdfunding is mainly focused on the financial traffic, not on the start-up or the company. Therefore, it is essential that the Financial Services Authority make a regulation concerning the mechanism to regulate how the donation-based crowdfunding traffic should be regulated and controlled in an integrated way. Moreover, solution should also be taken into account in case of any disputes that require settlement. Keywords: Authority of OJK, Crowdfunding Donation-based, Regulatory Sandbox