Jurnal Ilmiah Publika is an open access journal that uses a double blind peer review and is published twice a year by the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. The purpose of this journal is to contribute and disseminate thoughts from a theoretical and empirical perspective in social, political and humanities at a regional, national, and global scale. Authors are invited to submit manuscripts that fall within the scope of the Jurnal Ilmiah Publika. JIP welcomes contributions from researchers, scholars, practitioners, policymakers, and students engaged in social and political inquiry, as well as those addressing cross disciplinary intersections