International Journal of Management Science and Application is a peer-reviewed international journal dedicated to publishing high-quality empirical and theoretical research that advances the field of management and its practical applications. The journal encourages studies that develop, test, refine, or extend management theories while providing practical implications for business organizations, public institutions, and society. International Journal of Management Science and Application welcomes original research articles and review papers in various fields of management and business, including strategic management, human resource management, entrepreneurship, marketing, finance, accounting, operations management, innovation management, supply chain management, project management, knowledge management, management information systems, decision support systems, business intelligence, business analytics, digital transformation, digital business, e-business, organizational behavior, leadership, public management, sustainability management, and other interdisciplinary studies related to management science and its applications. International Journal of Management Science and Application is published twice a year, in March and September, by Sultan Publisher.