MILANG Journal of Mathematics and Its Applications publishes original research articles in the broad field of mathematics and its interdisciplinary applications. The journal covers, but is not limited to, the following areas: Mathematics in Informatics, Mathematics in Life Sciences, Mathematics in Actuarial Science, Mathematics in Natural Sciences, and Mathematics in Graph Theory. MILANG is open to high-quality submissions presenting innovative mathematical theories, methods, and applications that advance scientific understanding or solve real-world problems. The journal welcomes interdisciplinary research and contributions that bridge mathematics with other scientific domains.