About the Journal IONTECH Journal is published by the Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM), Institut Sains dan Teknologi Al-Kamal (ISTA). The journal publishes scientific articles in the fields of science, technology, and pharmacy contributed by leading academics and researchers in Indonesia. IONTECH is issued twice a year, in February and August. Open Access Policy IONTECH Journal applies a full open access policy. All articles are freely available to read, download, distribute, and cite without any charges. No Article Processing Charge (APC) is required from authors or readers. Focus and Scope IONTECH is committed to advancing Science, Technology, and Pharmacy, covering original research, literature reviews, and case reports. Science, Technology & Engineering Industrial, Mechanical, Electrical, Civil, Informatics, and Chemical Engineering Data Science & Statistics Biotechnology Device and Process Innovation Pharmacy Pharmacology & Toxicology Clinical & Community Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Biology Pharmaceutics & Biopharmaceutics Social Pharmacy, Management & Marketing Pharmacoepidemiology & Pharmacoeconomics Natural Products & Marine Pharmacy Alternative Medicines & Radiopharmacy Interdisciplinary Digital Health & IoMT Nanotechnology & Pharmaceutical Materials Bioinformatics & Big Data Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Blockchain Green Chemistry Tissue Engineering & Stem Cells Copyright The copyright of each article belongs to the authors and is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) . Usage, distribution, and adaptation are permitted with proper attribution. Sponsorship This journal is fully funded and published by LPPM Institut Sains dan Teknologi Al-Kamal (ISTA). No external sponsors or advertisements are involved; editorial decisions remain independent. Publication History IONTECH was first published in Volume 1, Issue 1 (August 2020) as an initiative of LPPM ISTA to enhance national research dissemination in science, technology, health, and pharmacy. The journal has been continuously published twice a year — in February and August.