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Journal of Language and Literature
Published by Universitas Sanata Dharma
ISSN : 14105691     EISSN : 25805878     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24071/joll
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Art,
Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Journal of Language and Literature presents articles on the study of language and literature. Appropriate topics include studies on language, translation, and literary texts. To be considered for publication, articles must be in English.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 30 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April" : 30 Documents clear
A Contrastive Analysis of Haplology Patterns in Modern Standard English and Modern Standard Arabic Hasan, Abd Ali Nayif
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (140.836 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2317

Abstract

Phonologically speaking, each word in a language consists of one or more syllables. In both modern standard English (henceforth MSE) and modern standard Arabic (henceforth MSA), a syllable may be followed by an identical one. In this case, one of such syllables is eliminated. This phonological process is referred to as haplology. The present study aims at finding out similarities and differences of haplology patterns between MSE and MSA. Accordingly, a comparison of haplology patterns between such two languages has been conducted. This phonological phenomenon results in the fact that differences are more than similarities of such patterns between both languages. Additionally, it appears that all eliminated syllables in MSE consist of onset and centre without coda and that they occur only in a medial position. As far as MSA is concerned, all elided syllables consist of onset and centre except the syllables [Ɂit] and [zil] which consist of onset, centre and coda, and the syllables [un],[an] and [in] which consist of a centre and coda without onset. Some of such syllables can occur initially, others medially and that most of them occur finally. Such results lead to the conclusions that haplology patterns are mentioned to make pronunciation easy and that elision of some syllables in certain contexts investigates musical rhythm.
The Two-Face of Anies Baswedan: The Inconsistency with Regards to Jakarta Reclamation Ma’u, Jean Antunes Rudolf Zico
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (858.272 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2384

Abstract

Homo homini lupus and the end justifies the means are two general adagios that have been applied in the political contestation. The main idea behind the two adagios is that one should benefit any means necessary at all cost in order to execute the vested political agenda. Such practice is almost found in any domain of political practice, especially in the general election for governor. One of the good examples that describes the case best is the governor election of DKI-1. During this election, one of the candidates, namely Anies Baswedan, has successfully manipulated the environmental issues, namely Jakarta Reclamation, into one of his political weapons by promising that he shall cease Jakarta Reclamation if he has been officially elected as the Governor of Jakarta Special Capitol. Indeed, he has won the election and thus he has kept his commitment by sealing the 932 buildings from Island D. However, several moments later he issued the building permit for a number of buildings in one of the reclamation islands and ever since then people, especially his supporters, have started questioning his commitment toward the cessation of Jakarta Reclamation. Departing from the case, the researcher is encouraged to conduct a study that might disclose the true characteristics of a political figure. Within the conduct of the study, the researcher took a number of statements from the online news portals that have been considered trustworthy and reputable in portraying certain events especially the political ones and at the same time analysed these statements by applying the Fairclough analysis and four questions of critical paradigm. The results of the study show that: (a) Anies Baswedan has not fully kept his commitment toward the cessation of Jakarta Reclamation; and (b) the four questions of critical paradigm might be implemented for criticizing a political figure with several modifications.
Text and Terror: How Boko-Haram Terrifies Nigerians Using ‘Ordinary’ Words BAMIGBOYE, OMOLADE
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (725.538 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2349

Abstract

This paper investigates how Boko-Haram uses language to create terror in the minds of Nigerians. Boko-Haram, an Islamic terrorist organisation based in Nigeria and some other West African countries, periodically releases videos in which threats are made to the public. These videos are then transcribed into text by major news media all over the world. The thesis of the paper is if seemingly innocuous expressions are interpreted with fear as a result of who utters them. After a thorough study of possible theoretical approaches, the cognitive stylistics approach was deemed most suited for the present work. This is because the approach sees readers as ‘actively involved in the process of meaning-making’, Jeffries and McIntyre (2010: 127). Using the Schema Theory as conceptual framework, I argue that the readers of these statements interpret same with the residual knowledge they have of the world. Schema Theory submits that certain elements of background knowledge are superimposed on the text by the reader in creating a world (scenario) while reading the text. The findings reveal that the source of a text goes a long way in determining how it is digested by readers.  Also, readers make sense of texts based not just on what is read, but the surrounding information they mentally impose on it.
Endangerment of Yorùbá Individual Names: Implication on Yorùbá True Identity Samuel, Akintoye Oluwole; Adekunle, Ojo George
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (922.403 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2378

Abstract

Name plays an important role in Yorùbá society. Yorùbá does not bear names without considering some factors because of its future consequences. Although, name is for identification, it also serves as a source of honour and pride, especially for those who are born from heroic and warrior families. People love identifying with such names by bearing the names of the heroes or warriors. These names have been reduced to surnames today. Other names are praise namely Àmọ̀kẹ́, Àrìnpè, Àmọ̀ó, Alàní, Àkànkẹ́, and Àbẹ̀kẹ́. These names are regarded as archaic today and nobody reckon with them anymore. It is dismal that these names and many others that are associated with deities are gradually going into extinction owing to modern religions. This forms the discussion of this paper.  The purpose of the paper is to call the attention of Yorùbá scholars to the fact that not only Yorùbá language is going into extinction, Yorùbá original names also do. The data collection for the paper is drawn from texts and journals on Yorùbá names. An interviewed was conducted among the youths and the informants who are between 70 and 75 years old from Adó- Èkìtì were consulted. They are selected because aged people value names unlike the youths who bear names without minding the implication. The JAMB admission broad sheet students seeking admission into Èkìtì State University, Adó- Èkìtì, Nigeria and the Faculties final admission lists sent to the Faculty of Arts were consulted. The data cover three sessions; 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19. This is possible because the researcher is in-charge of admission process in his Department. The paper adopts descriptive approach for the data analysis.
Tracking Interpersonality in Research Article Abstract: A Diachronic Study of Dynamic Nature of Genre Bakhtiari, Arezou; Farahani, Ali Akbar Khomeijani
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1020.505 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2332

Abstract

This study reports on interpersonality in a diachronic-contrastive investigation in Research Article (RA) abstracts. The study analyzed a corpus of 180 RA abstracts from two journalsof Psychological Bulletin and Personality and Individual Differences over the last three decades. This paper uses Hyland’s (2005b) Stance Model of Interaction and Hyland & Tse’s (2005) Classification of Sentences Containing Evaluative that in order to explore interpersonality. The results of this study revealed that authors of these journals adopted different stance and positioning over time in their writing. In addition, the findings of this paper did not corroborate previous research findings that RA abstracts exhibit high number of boosters. In relation to writing pedagogy, the results of this study can help the scholars to frame their papers in order to publish them in English-medium journals.
Leadership Debacle and Socio-Political Flux in Post Colonial Africa: A Discourse-Stylistic Analysis of Wole Soyinka’s A Play of Giants and King Baabu AKINWOTU, Samuel Alaba
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (808.78 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2379

Abstract

After many years of freedom from colonial domination, African nations are still far from socio-political and economic stability. Post colonial African nations are still battling with socio-political and economic difficulty arising from leadership ineptitude and military dictatorship. Even though democracy has gradually replaced military dictatorship in most of these nations, the success of the democratic experiments have suffered huge setback and these have negatively impacted on the lives of the average citizens. Scholarly interests in the political and economic crises in Africa have been from a wide range of fields and theoretical perspectives including language and literature. Existing works, however, have not adequately explored its representations in the rich literary resources of the continent in spite of its role in record keeping and as the conscience of the society. This is the gap which this study fills. The present study, which adopts discourse-stylistics as theoretical ground, examines leadership crisis vis-à-vis socio-political flux in selected plays of Wole Soyinka. The paper identifies and describes the features of style in relation to their discourse value and how these have helped in achieving the overall satirical import of the plays. Two of Soyinka’s socio-political plays namely; A play of Giants and King Baabu were purposively selected for the study. Through artistic creativity and deployment of language as an ideological satirical tool, Soyinka presents the pitiable picture of the African socio-political system and the ridiculous image of the leadership in Africa. As revealed in their poor command of the English language, Soyinka mocks post colonial African leaders as uneducated, immoral, intellectually bankrupt and pathologically deficient despots. He paints a pitiable picture of the socio-political realities and leadership ineptitude in African nations through the use metaphor and symbolism.
Translating Procedures of Islamic Terms in Islam between War and Peace Murodi, Ahmad
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (969.063 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2301

Abstract

Translation has the purpose to make the audience understand the message and information delivered by the author. The result of translation is considered successful if the translated text can provide similar meaning to the original text. The translation needs procedures because the procedure of translation is the step of activity to complete translation. Translation Procedures (TPs) are of utmost importance all throughout the work of translation. Religious and cultural principles influence different linguistic items in both languages. This research discusses translation procedures that were applied by the translator in the book “Islam between War and Peace” created by Yakub and comparing the data using Arabic and English dictionary. The objective of this research is aimed to know translation procedures were used by the translator especially in Islamic terms. Qualitative method to produce descriptive data in the form of describing the translation procedures proposed by Newmark was used. The data was conducted by reading the source language (henceforth SL) and the target language (henceforth TL) text, classifying the words based on the types of translation procedures proposed by Newmark, and analyzing the terms or words by Arabic and English dictionary. After analyzing the data, eight types of translation procedures proposed by Newmark are found in the translation of  “Islam between War and Peace” book that contains twenty-six data. They are: Literal ,Transference, Naturalization, Reduction, Addition, Notes, Paraphrase, and Transposition. The translator tries to keep originality and make readers easier to understand what is written in the book.
A Reading of the Third “Vespers” by Louise Glück Am, Muhammad Dirgantara Esa Valentino
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (808.469 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2335

Abstract

This paper presents a reading of the third “Vespers,” a poem by Louise Glück collected in The Wild Iris, a book of poem sequence spoken by four different voices, dealing with the fact of human existence in the world, especially in terms of human existential suffering. To this date, this award-winning book has been considered by many to be among the poet’s greatest achievements. This being the case, there have been so few detailed readings of the 54 poems constituting the book, however.  Most of the existing scholarships on the poems are topic-centered rather than poem-centered. This article attempts to make its contribution to this by presenting a close reading of one of the poems, which is especially central to this polyphonic book both thematically and structurally. Assuming the critical premises and the analytical procedure of Helen Vendler, whose focus is on a poem’s intrinsic elements and its relations to its thematic features, the paper discusses the third “Vespers”’s theme as expressed by both its obvious and minute features. By analyzing the poem’s title, body, internal structure, diction, tense, mechanic, rhythm, syntax, and imagery, the paper concludes that the poem expresses and dramatizes, through the obvious and minute details, the perennial theme of human’s pining for explanation about his/her discontent, which in the cosmos of the poem is directed to God, and its attendant feelings of doubt and conviction as a result of having to come up with his/her own answer as the one who holds the definite answer stays silent. 
Literature as a Medium of Exposing Social Problem through Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in A Country Churchyard” Manugeren, M; Suhadi, Jumino; pardi, pardi
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (719.394 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2431

Abstract

Apart from being an entertainment medium, literature has also an important role in exposing social problems, as basically literature is born and is intended for the community. Through the disclosure of social problems, the role of literature is increasingly developing, among others, as a medium of teaching, reference, reflection, character building and also criticism. Thus, it is clearly illustrated that literature has multifunctional roles. The message conveyed through literature can be effectively absorbed by the community owing to the entertainment factor. Through the poem “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”, Thomas Gray tells the story of the lives of marginal people, always having to face problems. Through descriptive qualitative research method, referring to social phenomena, supported by sociology of literature approach, the results of the study show that there are three social problems that always arise in the community, especially in the lower class one: poverty, right to get proper education and equality to obtain opportunities in the line of life. These three social problems are closely interrelated so that they become a unification undermining the lives of marginalized people.
Thought Presentation in Alice Sebold’s The Lovely Bones Ahmad, Shahid; Nadarajan, Shanthi
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 20, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (774.801 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v20i1.2252

Abstract

The last three decades have witnessed an increasing interest in the studies of thought presentation in stream-of-consciousness narratives among linguists (Semino & Short, 2004; Leech & Short, 2007; Bray, 2014; Fludernik, 1993). Largely because fictional writers use thought presentation in various ways to get readers to understand direct and indirect thoughts of the characters. Feminist writers have employed thought presentations in stream-of-consciousness narratives to give voice to the sufferings and yearnings of women and children. It has been done through careful selection of language that includes lexical choices, grammatical categories, and meaning representation. Besides providing multiple perspectives to the character’s experiences through definition, reasoning, and arguments, the use of differentiated meanings and metaphorical language in thought presentations has served as insights into the minds of killers and criminals. This paper uses stylistic analysis to explore the conscious and sub-conscious thought presentations of Susie Salmon, the protagonist, and Mr. Harvey, the antagonist in Alice Sebold’s The Lovely Bones (2002). For the study, the researchers use Geoffrey Leech and Michael Short’s (2007) model of thought presentation.The analysis will delve into the thought patterns of ‘dead’ Susie when she meets her assailant. It investigates lexical selection, semantics, and linguistic patterns. The findings show that thought patterns residing even in the sub-conscious or unconscious of human beings can be reached by analyzing thought representations embedded in a narrative discourse through a variety of thought presentation techniques. The central assumption being that while it takes courage to write about death and rape, it takes imagination to a new realm when a ‘dead’ girl returns to talk about her rape and death.

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