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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 27, No 1 (2008)" : 6 Documents clear
Effect of clean intermittent self-catheterization on urinary tract infection in subject with spinal cord injury Rachmawati, Maria Regina; S, Suleiman; Wirawan, Rosiana P.
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.12-17

Abstract

Patients with spinal cord injury are often unable to empty their bladders sufficiently. If this condition is left untreated, urinary tract infection (UTI) is unavoidable, with potentially lethal consequences. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of clean intermittent self-catheterization (CIC) on urinary tract infection in subject with spinal cord injury. A randomized controlled design was conducted in subjects who lived at two dormitories were included in this study. They were randomized to clean intermittent self- catheterization or control group. All the subjects were followed for one months. Primary outcome measure was symptomatic urinary tract infection as diagnosed by, pyuria (leukocytes of 100,000 or more per high power field.). Twenty-six patients between 22 to 62 years with cervical spinal cord injuries and urine residue more than 50 cc were recruited. Of the 26 subjects, 18 (69.2%) developed urinary tract infection. The incidence rate of UTI in the CIC group was 5/13 (38.5%); significantly lower than the control group 11/13 (84.6%) (p=0.016). Clean intermittent self catheterization in patient with spinal cord injury decreased the risk of developing urinary tract infection.
Seizure threshold, hormones and anti epileptic drugs Harsono, Harsono
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.18-28

Abstract

The concept of seizure threshold holds that everyone has a certain balance between excitatory and inhibitory forces in the brain. A low seizure threshold makes it easier for epilepsy to develop and easier for someone to elicit single seizure. The opposing effects of estrogen (proconvulsant) and progesterone (anticonvulsant) on seizure threshold have been noted in animal and human studies. Estrogen has been shown to lower the seizure threshold. In contrast to estrogen, several studies have confirmed the anticonvulsive effects of progesterone and its metabolite. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are used to prevent or interrupt seizures. Limitation of sustained repetitive neuronal firing via blockade of voltage-dependent sodium channels, enhancement of GABA-mediated inhibition, and blockade of glutamatergic excitatory neurotransmission are the mechanisms of anti-epileptic drugs in preventing seizures. AEDs that induce hepatic cytochrome (CY) P450 enzymes can increase the metabolism of sex hormones and make hormonal contraception ineffective. In addition, AEDs may even increase seizure frequency or severity or change the seizure type.
The role of polyphenols in causing cardiovascular disease Yenny, Yenny; Herwana, Elly
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.29-38

Abstract

Research on flavonoids has increased since the discovery of the French Paradox, the low cardiovascular mortality rate observed in Mediterranean population in association with red wine consumption and a high saturated fat intake. Plant polyphenol (flavonoid) occurs naturally in fruits, vegetables, and beverages such as tea and wine. Epidemiologic studies suggest that higher polyphenol intake from fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased risk for cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms explaining this observation remain unclear. The vascular endothelium is a critical regulator of vascular homeostasis, and endothelial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis and clinical expression of coronary artery disease. Platelet aggregation is a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes, including myocardial infarction and unstable angina. There are numerous reports suggesting that plant polyphenols improve endothelial function and inhibit platelet aggregation in humans.
Effect of Dillenia suffruticosa extract on dengue virus type 2 replication Muliawan, Sylvia Y.
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.1-5

Abstract

Drugs of plant origin can have easy acceptability as they are non-toxic and inexpensive. Dillenia suffruticosa (D.suffruticosa), also known as Simpoh air in Malaysia, has antibacterial and antifungal activity, but no reported antiviral activity. This led the investigation of this plant against dengue virus type 2 (DV2) replication. Two type of samples: DV2-infected C6/36 cells and uninfected C6/36 cells were prepared. D.suffruticosa extract was prepared in water. The plant extract, D.suffruticosa, was subjected to C6/36 cells with following concentrations, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/ml and incubated for 2 hours before infected by DV2. Immobilized non-linear pH gradient strips, pH 3-10 were used in isoelectric focusing, and 10% homogeneous gels were used in sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results were stained by silver staining for visualization. It was found that NS1 protein expression on infected C6/36 cells was down regulated in intensity of concentrations 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml. However, when higher concentration of D.suffruticosa extract were used (0.2 and 0.4 mg/ml), the cells exhibited slightly reduced NS1 protein spots, when compared to the above concentrations (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 mg/ml). D.suffruticosa extract has an inhibitory effect on the replication of DV2. Non-structural NS1 could be used as a diagnostic marker and/or as a parameter to evaluate the effect of antiviral agents for dengue type 2 virus infection/replication.
Ischemic stroke in a young adult male as a manifestation of Takayasu’s arteritis Indiyarti, Riani
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.39-50

Abstract

Takayasu arteritis is a chronic, inflammatory large vessel arteriopathy that primarily affects the aorta, its main branches, and the pulmonary arteries. Fibrosis and thickening of the arterial wall often occur in later stages, resulting in a cerebrovascular accident. A 20-year old man presented with ischemic stroke of young adults due to Takayasu’s arteritis, from which he had been suffering since childhood (age 10). Physical examination showed an abdominal aortic aneurysm, renal artery stenosis, leading to renovascular hypertension, and asymmetrical blood pressure. Aneurysm of abdominal aorta was diagnosed by panaorto-arteriography. Subsequently ischemic stroke of young adults developed, because the arteritis had led to stenosis of the left anterior and middle cerebral arteries, with renovascular hypertension as additional risk factor. On this patient a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty operation of the right renal artery was performed, and it is intended to do an extra-intracranial arterial bypass. Preventive treatment is necessary to stem the extension of the arteritis to other blood vessels.
Waist circumference as a predictor for blood glucose levels among men and women 40 to 60 years of age Hardiman, Shinta L; Nevita, Intan; Krisna, Puspa; Susiyanti, Eva
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.6-11

Abstract

Anthropometric indexes such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist hip ratio (WHR), are useful measurements to provide important information on blood glucose concentration. The aim of this study was to determine several anthropometric measurements, in particular BMI, WC, HC and WHR, in their ability to predict the blood glucose levels in men and women 40 to 60 years of age. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 44 men and 127 women aged 40 to 60 who lived in Cipete Selatan subdistrict, South Jakarta. Blood glucose levels were assessed and anthropometric indexes such as BMI, WC, HC, WHR were measured. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the best predictor for blood glucose levels. The study showed that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 was 12.9% and higher in men (20.5%) than in women (10.2 %). The significant predictive variables in the simple regression analysis were age and WC. Multiple linear regression showed that after adjustment for age, WC was positively associated with blood glucose levels. Standardized b value was 0.172 (p=0.026). WC predicts blood glucose levels, beyond that explained by traditional diabetic risk factors and BMI. The findings support the recommendation that WC be a routine measure for identification of DM type 2 in men and women aged 40 to 60.

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