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Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, 95115
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Kota manado,
Sulawesi utara
INDONESIA
PHARMACON
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 23022493     EISSN : 27214923     DOI : 10.35799
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon is the journal published by Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia (P-ISSN: 2302-2493 E-ISSN: 2721-4923). Pharmacon was established in 2012 and published four times a year. Pharmacon is an open access journal and has been indexed by main indexing Google Scholar, GARUDA, Crossref.
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Articles 19 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2014)" : 19 Documents clear
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN TABIR SURYA PADA EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH PISANG GOROHO (Musa acuminate L.) Alhabsyi, Dita F.
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4782

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the value of the antioxidant activity and the value of sunscreen on the skin extracts goroho banana (Musa acuminate L.) . Goroho banana skin cut into small pieces , then blended with distilled water and squeezed to remove the sap . Extraction method reflux for 2 hours using methanol , ethanol and acetone . Analysis of total phenolic content , flavonoids and tannins , the determination of the activity of free radical scavengers using DPPH (1,1 - diphenyl - 2 - picrylhidrazil) and rat tissue homogenates method , sunscreen effectiveness by determining the SPF value with spectrophotometric method . The results of this study indicate that goroho banana peel extract contains phenolic compounds , flavonoids and tannins . Ethanol extract has antioxidant activity values ​​are the highest of 75.71 % , 74.29 % followed by methanol extract and acetone extract 73.37 % . The results of the calculation of the highest SPF values ​​are also present in the ethanol extract followed by methanol and acetone .   Key words : banana goroho , extraction , phenolics , flavonoids , tannins , antioxidants , SPF
KAJIAN PENATALAKSANAAN TERAPI PENGOBATAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) PADA PENDERITA ANAK YANG MENJALANI PERAWATAN DI RSUP PROF. DR. R.D KANDOU TAHUN 2013 Andriani, Ni Wayan Elan
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4771

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an acute epidemic disease caused by a virus transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Morbidity rate of dengue in the province of North Sulawesi especially city of Manado in 2011 of 156 cases from a total of 1485 cases in all regions of the province of North Sulawesi (Anonymous, 2011). This study aims to assess the therapy of DHF and Investigate related problem of DHF therapy in children patient. Data collection was conducted retrospectively from February to March 2013 at Prof Dr. R.D Kandou hospital by analyzing 74 medical record data descriptively. Therapy of treatment in DHF patients consists of supportive therapy 100% and symptomatic therapy consist antipyretic therapy 74.73%, antacids and antiulcer therapy 20.27%, antiemetika therapy 17.02%, diuretic therapy 5.40% and sedative therapy 2.70%. The related problem of therapy consist without indication therapy 59.49% and duplication of therapy 1.35%.   Key words : DHF, Children Patient, Supportive Therapy and Symptomatic Therapy  
EVALUASI KERASIONALAN PENGOBATAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO TAHUN 2013 Hongdiyanto, Arnold
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : PHARMACON

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluating the rational of in patients Diabetes Mellitus type 2 medication in RSUP Prof. dr. R.D. Kandou Manado at 2013. This study was conducted on 46  medical record of patients  of Diabetes Mellitus type 2. The result showed that 46 in patient Diabetes Mellitus type 2 in  RSUP Prof. dr. R.D. Kandou Manado at 2013 were 51-60 years old (58,7%). Diabetes Mellitus type 2 patients comprised 16 men and 30 women. 15 cases (32,6%) were Diabetes Mellitus type 2 without complication diseases and 31 cases (67,4%) Diabetes Mellitus type 2 with complication diseases. Patients had indication appropriate were 40 patients (86,96%), drug choise appropriate 40 patients (100%). Dosis appropriate  were 36 patients (97,32%), patient appropriate were 40 patients (100%), while for drug interaction not interaction.   Key words : Rational evaluation, Diabetes Mellitus type 2, RSUP Prof. dr. R.D. Kandou Manado
ANALISIS CEMARAN BAKTERI COLIFORM PADA SAUS TOMAT JAJANAN BAKSO TUSUK YANG BEREDAR DI MANADO Mansauda, Karlah L. R.
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : PHARMACON

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Abstract

The tomato sauce is one of the processed foods that are often presented as a complement to a wide variety of foods that many consumers demand. But in the daily life the cleanliness of tomato sauce is often overlooked. This research aims to analyze the microbial contamination of 12 tomato sauces of bakso tusuk snack in the city of Manado such as examining total plate count, coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli bacterial identification. This type of research is Observational. The results showed that of the 12 samples of tomato sauce all sample are positive bacterial contaminated, coliform bacteria contaminated and Escherichia coli is contained in all sample. Testing of microbial contamination showed that tomato sauce samples did not meet predetermined requirements in SNI 01-3546-2004 and Regulation of the Food and Drug Administration of The Republic of Indonesia number HK.00.06.1.52.401.   Key words : Tomato sauce, Total Plate Count, Coliform, Escherichia coli    
UJI EFEKTIVITAS PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SENDOK (Plantago major L.) PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus novergicus) YANG DIINDUKSI SUKROSA Dhamuri Ayu, Rezchy
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.5454

Abstract

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a disease indicated by hyperglycemic and progressive changes of the beta cells of pancreas structure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ethanolic sendok (Plantago major L.) leaves extract to decrease blood sugar levels on rats strain wistar (Rattus norvegicus) induced with sucrose. A total of 15 white male rats strain wistar were divided into 5 groups, namely the negative control group, positive control group, groups of sendok leaves extract with doses were 0.38 g/kg, 0.756 g/kg, and 1.5 g/kg. Data were obtained from the examination of fasting blood sugar levels, 30 min after induction of sucrose, and at 15, 30, 60, 120 minutes after induced with extract in each treatment group. Data were statistically analyzed with Oneway ANOVA and continued with LSD to find out significant difference between treatments. The results shows that ethanolic sendok leaves extract with dose 0,38 g/kg, 0,756 g/kg, and 1,5 g/kg body weight possess the effect to lowering blood sugar levels of white male rats strain wistar.   Key words : Plantago major , blood sugar levels, Rattus novergicus       ABSTRAK Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia serta terjadi perubahan progresif terhadap strup struktur sel beta pankreas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji efek ekstrak etanol daun sendok (Plantago major L.) terhadap penurunan kadar gula daah pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksikan sukrosa. Sebanyak 15 ekor tikus putih jantan galur wistar dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok ekstrak daun sendok dosis 0,38 g/kgBB, 0,756 g/kgBB, dan 1,5 g/kgBB. Data diperoleh dari pemeriksaan kadar gula darah puasa, 30 menit setelah induksi sukrosa, dan pada menit ke 15, 30, 60, 120 setelah pemberian sediaan pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan. Data dianalis secara statistika dengan OnewayANOVAdan dilanjutkan uji LSD untuk melihat beda nyata antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daun sendok dengan dosis 0,38 g/kgBB, 0,756 g/kgBB, dan 1,5 g/kgBB memiliki efek menurunkan kadar gula darah tikus putih jantan galur wistar.   Kata kunci : Plantago major, kadar gula darah, Rattus novergicus  
UJI EFEK ANALGETIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PEPAYA (Carica papaya L) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus mucculus) Octavianus, Stella
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4777

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to find out analgesic effect of pepaya leaf etanol extract with concentration 0,6 g/kgBB, 1,2 g/kgBB and 2,4 g/kgBB on white male mouse (Mus musculus). The subject in this research were 15 white male mouse which divided into 5 groups, each group consist of 3 white male mouse. Negative control group were administered with CMC, positive control group were administered with mefenamid acid and experiment groups were administered with pepaya leaf etanol extract. Analgesic test were examined by giving pain stimulation to treated animals, such a 55°C heat stimulation. The response which observed were mouse licking feet or jumping response. The observation, then at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after administered. The results shows that pepaya leaf etanol extract with concentration 0,6 g/kgBB, 1,2 g/kgBB and 2,4 g/kgBB prossess analgesic effect on white male mouse, expecially concentration 2,4 g/kgBB. It can be conclusion that pepaya leaf etanol extract own the analgesic effect on white male mouse thermal induction.   Key words : analgesic, pepaya leaf extract, pain    
AKTIVITAS TABIR SURYA DARI EKSTRAK FENOLIK PERIDERM UMBI UBI KAYU (Manihot Utilissima) Karundeng, Glory
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4783

Abstract

The objectives of this research are to determine the SPF value from periderm extract of yellow and white cassava tuber (Manihot utillisima). The SPF value is determined by spectrophotometry uv-vis. The result showed that the SPF value contained in yellow tuber is 15,5 while the white tuber is 11,3. Based on these results, periderm of yellow and white tuber possessed the potential as sunscreen.   Keywords : SPF, Spectrophotometry uv-vis, Cassava Tuber Periderm  
FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIFITAS SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRA ETANOL DAUN MANGROVE API-API (AVICENNIA MARINA) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK TANGAN Titaley, Stany
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4781

Abstract

Avicennia marina is a plant, that have anti-inflammation activity, antioxidant, antibacterial, andantivirus. Based on the compound owned, fire Mangrove (Avicennia marina) can be used as antiseptic hand. Purpose from this research is to formulate and test effect of hand antiseptic gel. Leaf extract gel stocks formulation fire Mangrove (Avicennia marina) has made with various concentration of extract that is 10%, 15%, and 20% with CMC-Na as it base. Use CMC-Na for the negative control and for positive control used Detol® Hand Sanitizer. For physical gel result include : organoleptic, homogenity and pH.  Antiseptic gel testing was used replica method and testing data were analyzed by One Way Anova. The results of this research showed that leaf extract gel from fire Mangrove full fil the organoleptic quality parameters gel, homogeneity, pH and no have effect as hand antiseptic.   Key words : leaf extract etanol gel from Mangrove Api-api (Avicennia marina), antiseptics, replica method
PENGARUH INFUSA DAUN KEPAYANG (Pangium edule Reinw.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR KOLESTEROL DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) Mandey, Gloria F. S. Z.
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4770

Abstract

The aims of this research is to determine the influence and relevance of increased doses on infused kepayang leaf (Pangium edule Reinw.) for decreasing the blood cholesterol levels in white male rats (Rattus novergicus). The subject of this study were 15 white male rats weight 130-200 gramme which were divided into 5 groups, consisted of 3 rats for each group. This research used experimental laboratory method with complete randomized design. The results were taken from twice measuring of blood cholesterol which are Pre and Post. Treatment began with a high-fat feeding for 7 days. Pre measuring was done at 8th day. Then treatments were given for each group, aquadest for group A (C-), simvastatin for group B (C+) and infusion of kepayang leaf with each dose for group C (10 g), group D (20 g) and group E (40 g). Post measuring was done at 2 hours then. Data were analyzed by using Paired t-test and One Way ANOVA. The results of statistical analysis didn’t show any significant differences among treatment groups. Consider from the average change and percentage, infusion dose of 40 g kepayang leaf gives the best decrease of blood cholesterol levels.   Key words : Infusion of kepayang leaf, cholesterol, white male rats
UJI EFEKTIVITAS INFUSA DAUN NASI (Phyrnium capitatum Willd) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) Tintingon, Riska Christina
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4799

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of daun nasi infusion (Phyrnium capitatum Willd ) in blood sugar level reduction of rats and determine the relationship between the dose of daun nasi infusion (Phyrnium capitatum Willd) and blood sugar level reduction of rats. This study was experimental study with randomized controlled group design, using male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) that were made hyperglycemia by aloksan 130 mg/bw intravenously. Samples consist of 18 rats which were divided into 6 groups, normal control as a standard of comparison which is not induced by aloksan, positive control (glibenclamide suspension 0.63 mg/bw), negative control (CMC 0.5 %), and treatments group with dose 2.32 g/bw, 4.64 g/bw and 9.28 g/bw  daily for two weeks period. The study result of blood sugar level, was analyzed by one way ANOVA and LSD test to know the significant differences between groups. The result shows that daun nasi infusion have an effect to reduce blood sugar level, but the most effective dose of daun nasi infusion is 9.28 g/bw. Daun nasi infusion with doses 2.32 g/bw and 4.64 g/bw were not have a significant difference with positive control.   Key words : Phyrnium capitatum Willd, hyperglycemia, alloxan, Rattus norvegicus

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