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Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 24422606     EISSN : 2548611X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
JBBI, Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology & Bioscience, is published twice annually and provide scientific publication medium for researchers, engineers, practitioners, academicians, and observers in the field related to biotechnology and bioscience. This journal accepts original papers, review articles, case studies, and short communications. The articles published are peer-reviewed by no less than two referees and cover various biotechnology subjects related to the field of agriculture, industry, health, environment, as well as life sciences in general. Initiated at the then Biotech Centre, the journal is published by the Laboratory for Biotechnology, the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, BPPT.
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Articles 18 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020" : 18 Documents clear
IN SILICO STUDY OF CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVES TO INHIBIT THE ACTIONS OF Pseudomonas aeruginosa Saly Amaliacahya Aprilian; Firdayani Firdayani; Susi Kusumaningrum
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.3092

Abstract

Studi In Silico Senyawa Turunan Sefalosporin dalam Menghambat Aktivitas Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infeksi yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri gram-negatif, seperti Pseudomonas aeruginosa telah menyebar luas di seluruh dunia. Hal ini menjadi ancaman terhadap kesehatan masyarakat karena merupakan bakteri yang multi-drug resistance dan sulit diobati. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya pengembangan agen antimikroba untuk mengobati infeksi semakin meningkat dan salah satu yang saat ini banyak dikembangkan adalah senyawa turunan sefalosporin. Penelitian ini melakukan studi mengenai interaksi tiga dimensi (3D) antara antibiotik dari senyawa turunan Sefalosporin dengan penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) pada P. aeruginosa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengklarifikasi bahwa agen antimikroba yang berasal dari senyawa turunan sefalosporin efektif untuk menghambat aktivitas bakteri P. aeruginosa. Struktur PBPs didapatkan dari Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 5DF9). Sketsa struktur turunan sefalosporin digambar menggunakan Marvins Sketch. Kemudian, studi mengenai interaksi antara antibiotik dan PBPs dilakukan menggunakan program Mollegro Virtual Docker 6.0. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu nilai rerank score terendah dari kelima generasi sefalosporin, di antaranya sefalotin (-116.306), sefotetan (-133.605), sefoperazon (-160.805), sefpirom (-144.045), dan seftarolin fosamil (-146.398). Infections caused by gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, have been spreading worldwide. It is a threat to public health because of its multi-drug resistance and difficulty to treat. Therefore, the demand for developing antimicrobial agents to treat infections is increasing. One of them that is currently under development is cephalosporin derivative compounds. This research studied the three-dimensional (3D) interaction between antibiotics from cephalosporin derivatives and penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in P. aeruginosa. This study aimed to clarify whether the cephalosporin derivatives were effective in inhibiting the activity of P. aeruginosa. The PBPs structure was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 5DF9). The structural sketch of the cephalosporin derivative was drawn using the Marvins Sketch, whereas the study on the interaction between antibiotics and PBPs was carried out using the Mollegro Virtual Docker 6.0 program. The results showed the lowest rerank score from five cephalosporin derivatives, namely cephalotin (-116,306), cephotetan (-133.605), cephoperazone (-160.805), cephpirome (-144.045), and cephtaroline fosamil (-146.398).
PELATIHAN FISIK SEDANG MENINGKATKAN KADAR VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR DAN STROMAL CELL-DERIVED FACTOR-1 SERUM Anak Agung Ayu Putri Permatasari; I Wayan Rosiana; I Gede Widhiantara; Chela Krisna Denata; Ferbian Milas Siswanto
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (414.293 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.3228

Abstract

Moderate Physical Exercise Increases Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Level Physical exercise affects many systems in the body that play a role in maintaining physical fitness and slowing down the aging process. This study aimed to identity VEGF and SDF-1 as the mechanism of exercise-related anti-aging therapy. This study was a randomized pretest-posttest control group design study, using 24 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), male, 2.5-3 months old, weighing 180-200 g, and healthy. Rats were divided into two groups (n = 12). The control group was a sedentary lifestyle-treated group (P0) and the treatment group was subjected to moderate physical exercise for 4 weeks (P1). Both VEGF and SDF-1 levels were examined using the ELISA method. The results showed that moderate physical exercise increased VEGF (43.88 ± 6.24 to 69.80 ± 10.04 pg mL-1; p< 0.001) and SDF-1 (1.82±0.17 to 3.81±0.39 ng mL-1; p< 0.001) levels significantly. This study, therefore, suggested the possibility of VEGF and SDF-1 as a mediator of moderate physical exercise-induced anti-aging effect. Pelatihan fisik mempengaruhi berbagai sistem dalam tubuh yang berperan mempertahankan kebugaran fisik dan memperlambat proses penuaan. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) dan stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) menurun seiring dengan penuaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan bahwa pelatihan fisik sedang meningkatkan kadar VEGF dan SDF-1 sebagai salah satu mekanisme penghambat proses penuaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan randomized pre-post test control group design dengan menggunakan 24 ekor tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus) jantan sehat dengan umur 2,5 - 3 bulan, berat badan 180 -200 g yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok (n= 12 ekor). Kelompok kontrol tidak diberikan perlakuan atau sedentary lifestyle (P0) dan kelompok perlakuan diberi pelatihan fisik sedang selama 4 minggu (P1).  Kadar VEGF dan SDF-1 diperiksa menggunakan ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan fisik sedang meningkatkan kadar VEGF (43,88±6,24 menjadi 69,80 ± 10,04 pg mL-1; p<0,001) dan SDF-1 (1,82 ± 0,17 to 3,81±0,39 ng mL-1; p< 0,001). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kemungkinan VEGF dan SDF-1 sebagai mediator efek yang memperlambat penuaan. Namun, perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengidentifikasi korelasi antara peningkatan kadar VEGF dan SDF-1 dengan fenotip penuaan.
THE ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS OF Ampelocissus (Vitaceae) IN SUMATRA Syadwina Hamama Dalimunthe; Tatik Chikmawati; Elizabeth A. Widjaja
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1059.078 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.3229

Abstract

The revision of Ampelocissus was performed by observing the anatomical character of Ampelocissus leaves. The leaves were collected from 33 collection numbers of Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) and four collection numbers from Sumatra exploration. The purpose of this study is to update the information of diversity and to support species concept delimitation of Ampelocissus based on the anatomical study, especially on the sterile plant. Anatomical characters were observed on nine species and one variety of Sumatran Ampelocissus. Ampelocissus species is varied by the anatomical characters, i.e.: shape of the anticlinal wall of abaxial and adaxial epidermal cell, number of palisade layers, upper epidermal cell thickness, leaf thickness, presence of papillae on stomata neighboring cell, type, and shape of calcium oxalate crystals, also stomata position. The cluster analysis of Ampelocissus in Sumatra based on 16 anatomical characters showed the coefficient similarity in the range of 0.48 - 0.81. The research showed that the leaf anatomical characters can be used as additional characters to distinguish the species of Ampelocissus. Keywords: calcium oxalate crystals, diversity, papillae, similarity coefficient, species concept   ABSTRAK Ciri Anatomi Ampelocissus (Vitaceae) di Sumatera Revisi Ampelocissus dilakukan dengan mengamati ciri anatomi daun dari marga Ampelocissus. Sebanyak 33 nomor koleksi Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) dan empat nomor koleksi hasil eksplorasi di Sumatera digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbarui informasi mengenai keanekaragaman dan mendukung konsep jenis Ampelocissus berdasarkan ciri anatomi, terutama pada tumbuhan steril. Studi anatomi dilakukan pada sembilan jenis dan satu varietas Ampelocissus di Sumatera. Jenis-jenis Ampelocissus di Sumatera bervariasi pada ciri anatomi yaitu bentuk dinding antilkinal sel epidermis pada bagian abaksial dan adaksial, jumlah lapisan jaringan tiang, ketebalan sel epidermis atas, ketebalan daun, kehadiran papila, jenis dan bentuk kristal kalsium oksalat, serta posisi stomata terhadap sel epidermis pada bagian abaksial daun. Analisis pengelompokan Ampelocissus di Sumatera menggunakan 16 ciri antomi dan menghasilkan fenogram dengan koefisien kemiripan 0,48 - 0,81. Ciri anatomi daun dapat digunakan sebagai ciri tambahan yang memiliki nilai taksonomi dalam membedakan jenis-jenis Ampelocissus di Sumatera.
AKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI ASAP CAIR DARI TANDAN KOSONG Elaeis guineensis Jacq.TERHADAP Colletotrichum sp. (WA2) Elvi Rusmiyanto Pancaning Wardoyo; Widya Anggraeni; . Rahmawati; Hasan Ashari Oramahi
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (360.403 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.3582

Abstract

Antifungal Activity of Wood Vinegar derived from Oil Palm Empty Bunches against Colletotrichum sp. (WA2) Colletotrichum sp. is a fungus that causes anthracnose in cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.).  An alternative natural control for this fungus is using wood vinegar. The aim of this study was to evaluate antifungal properties of wood vinegar from oil palm empty bunches (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) against Colletotrichum sp. The antifungal test was carried out using the solid dilution method by poisoning food in potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. Colletotrichum sp. used was isolated from red chili which had anthracnose symptoms. This experimental research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 treatments, namely, negative control (non-liquid smoke), positive control (Dithane M45 at 0.20%), liquid smoke concentration of 0.40; 0.42; 0.44; 0.46; 0.48; 0.50; and 0.52%. Anova test results showed wood vinegar from empty fruit bunches of E. guineensis at concentrations of 0.40; 0.42; 0.44; 0.46 and 0.48% differed significantly from negative control, positive control, and concentrations of 0.50 and 0.52%. The concentration of 0.42% was the minimum inhibitory concentration with an average value of 87.98% inhibition and a very strong activity level. In conclusion, the wood vinegar from E. guineensis can be used to control Colletotrichum sp fungus at an effective concentration of 0.42%. Colletotrichum sp. merupakan jamur penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Salah satu alternatif pengendalian secara alami terhadap jamur tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan asap cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat antijamur asap cair dari tandan kosong Elaeis guineensis Jacq (kelapa sawit) terhadap Colletotrichum sp. Uji antijamur dilakukan dengan metode dilusi padat melalui cara poisoning food dalam media potato dextrose agar (PDA). Isolat jamur Colletotrichum sp. yang digunakan merupakan hasil isolasi dari tanaman cabe merah yang bergejala antraknosa. Metode penelitian ini mengunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 9 perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif (tanpa asap cair), kontrol positif (Dithane M45 sebesar 0,20%), konsentrasi asap cair sebesar 0,40; 0,42; 0,44; 0,46; 0,48; 0,50; dan 0,52%. Hasil uji Anova menunjukkan asap cair dari tandan kosong E. guineensis pada konsentrasi 0,40; 0,42; 0,44; 0,46; dan 0,48% berbeda secara signifikan dengan kontrol negatif, kontrol positif dan konsentrasi 0,50 dan 0,52%. Konsentrasi 0,42% merupakan konsentrasi hambat minimum dengan nilai rata-rata penghambatan sebesar 87,98% dan tingkat aktivitas sangat kuat. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa asap cair dari tandan kosong E. guineensis dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan jamur Colletotrichum sp. pada konsentrasi efektif 0,42%.
PENGARUH SINBIOTIK KEFIR PISANG BATU TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL-LDL DAN KOLESTEROL-HDL TIKUS MODEL SINDROM METABOLIK Dina Khoiriyah; Taufik Maryusman; Santi Herlina
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.3781

Abstract

Effect of Banana Kefir Synbiotic on LDL-Cholesterol and HDL-Cholesterol of Metabolic Syndrome Rats Metabolic syndrome (SM) is characterized by several risk factors including dyslipidemia. This study aims to analyze the effect of kefir synbiotic produced from banana stone flour (Musa balbisiana) on LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol of metabolic syndrome rat model. The 24 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups, namely negative control (healthy rats fed standard feed), positive control (metabolic syndrome rats fed standard feed), treatment I and treatment II (metabolic syndrome rats each given synbiotic kefir banana stone flour 1.8 mL/200 g mouse BW/day and 3.6 mL/200 g mouse BW/day, respectively). The intervention was carried out for three weeks. After the intervention, the levels of LDL-cholesterol in treatment I and II experienced a decrease of 44.66% and 56.94%, respectively, while the-HDL-cholesterol levels in treatment I and II experienced an increase of 104.5% and 172.71%, respectively. The biggest change occurred in treatment II. Synbiotic kefir banana stone flour improved lipid profile in metabolic syndrome rats. Sindrom metabolik (SM) ditandai dengan beberapa faktor risiko termasuk dislipidemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sinbiotik kefir tepung pisang batu (Musa balbisiana) terhadap kadar kolesterol-LDL dan kolesterol-HDL tikus model SM. Subjek menggunakan 24 ekor tikus Sprague Dawley yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu kontrol negatif (tikus sehat yang diberi pakan standar), kontrol positif (tikus model SM yang diberi pakan standar), perlakuan I dan perlakuan II (tikus model SM yang masing-masing diberi sinbiotik kefir tepung pisang batu 1,8 mL/200 g BB tikus/hari dan 3,6 mL/200 g BB tikus/hari). Proses intervensi dilakukan selama tiga minggu. Setelah intervensi, kadar kolesterol-LDL perlakuan I dan II mengalami penurunan sebesar 44,66% dan 56,94%, sedangkan kadar kolesterol-HDL perlakuan I dan II mengalami peningkatan sebesar 104,5% dan 172,71%. Perubahan terbesar terjadi pada perlakuan II. Sinbiotik kefir tepung pisang batu memperbaiki profil lipid tikus sindrom metabolik.
OPTIMASI MEDIUM PERBANYAKAN IN VITRO TUNAS TALAS KALIURANG (Colocasia esculenta L.) DIPLOID DAN TETRAPLOID Khalisa Aini Sinaga; Dyah Retno Wulandari; Diah Ratnadewi
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (602.22 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.3944

Abstract

Optimation of In Vitro Shoot Proliferation Medium for Diploid and Tetraploid Kaliurang Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) Taro cv. Kaliurang has a good taste and is tolerant to certain pests and diseases but its development is hampered by insufficient number of good quality plant materials. Quality improvement has been carried out through polyploidization. Shoot multiplication is an important step in micropropagation, which often needs specific formulation of culture medium. This study aimed to obtain an optimum formulation of in vitro shoot-inducing medium of taro cv. Kaliurang. Explants from one diploid and three tretraploid clones were subjected to six treatments of medium formulations with various concentrations of thiamine and adenine in BAP-containing MS media. Shoots were then rooted, followed by plantlet acclimatization. Ploidy level was measured using flow cytrometry. The rooting medium was ½ MS without growth hormones, whereas acclimatization medium was a mixture of sterile soil, husk, and cocopeat. The results showed that MS + 2 mg L-1 BAP + 4 mg L-1 thiamine + 2 mg L-1 adenine was the optimum medium with an average 3.45 shoots per explant. Plantlet acclimatization was successful with 99.1% survival. Flow cytometry measurement confirmed tetraploidy level of the regenerants from 3 tetraploid clones. Keywords: adenine, acclimatization, benzyl amino purine, shoot proliferation, thiamine   ABSTRAK Talas Kaliurang memiliki rasa yang enak dan toleran terhadap hama dan penyakit tertentu, namun pengembangannya terkendala oleh ketercukupan benih bermutu. Upaya perbaikan mutu tanaman telah dilakukan sebelumnya melalui poliploidisasi. Perbanyakan tunas merupakan langkah penting, yang membutuhkan formula spesifik untuk media kultur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi medium perbanyakan tunas in vitro dari satu klon diploid dan tiga klon tetraploid, yang dikulturkan pada enam konsentrasi tiamin dan adenin dalam media MS yang mengandung BAP. Tunas kemudian diinduksi akar, lalu diaklimatisasi, dan pengukuran tingkat ploidi menggunakan flow cytometry. Media pengakaran adalah ½ MS tanpa ZPT, media aklimatisasi adalah campuran tanah steril, sekam dan kokopit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa medium MS + 2 mg L-1 BAP + 4 mg L-1 tiamin + 2 mg L-1 adenin merupakan medium optimum dengan rata-rata 3,45 tunas per-eksplan. Hasil aklimatisasi menunjukkan bahwa 99,1% tanaman dapat bertahan hidup. Analisis ploidi dengan flow cytometry menunjukkan bahwa tanaman hasil regenerasi tunas talas Kaliurang tetraploid memiliki tingkat ploidi yang stabil.
ANALISIS HASIL FRAKSINASI PROTEASE DAN LIPASE YANG BERASAL DARI SALURAN PENCERNAAN UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) Hanifah Rahmi; . Hariyanti; Rina Putri Ariyanti; Devi Wulandari
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (373.212 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.3994

Abstract

Analysis of Protease and Lipase Fractionation Originated from the Digestive Tract of Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Vannamei shrimp is a fishery commodity with a high consumption value, so it has an impact of high shrimp waste in the form of head and skin. The digestive tract connected to the head of the vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) contains digestive enzymes, including proteases and lipases. This study aims to obtain the protein fraction that has the highest protease and lipase activity. The separation method used was centrifugation followed by precipitation using ammonium sulfate salt and dialysis. The dialysate was purified by gel filtration chromatography at a volume retention of 10 drops per tube. The proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme activity of the fraction was measured using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that fraction 102 had the highest protease activity value of 96.3924 U / mL, while fraction 100 had the highest lipase activity of 531.07 U / mL. This study showed that in the digestive tract of vaname shrimp, protease and lipase activity increased with the level of purity.  Keywords: digestive enzymes, gel filtration chromatography, lipase, protease, vannamei shrimp ABSTRAK Udang vaname merupakan komoditi perikanan dengan nilai konsumsi yang tinggi, sehingga berdampak pula dengan tingginya limbah udang yang berupa kepala dan kulit. Saluran pencernaan yang terhubung dengan kepala udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) mengandung enzim pencernaan, diantaranya protease dan lipase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan fraksi protein yang memiliki aktivitas protease dan lipase tertinggi. Metode pemisahan yang dilakukan adalah sentrifugasi dilanjutkan dengan pengendapan menggunakan garam ammonium sulfat dan dialisis. Dialisat dimurnikan dengan kromatografi filtrasi gel pada retensi volume sebanyak 10 tetes tiap tabung. Aktivitas enzim proteolitik dan lipolitik fraksi diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fraksi 102 memiliki nilai aktivitas protease tertinggi sebesar 96,3924 U mL–1, sedangkan fraksi 100 memiliki aktivitas lipase tertinggi sebesar 531,07 U mL–1. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada saluran pencernaan udang vaname terdapat aktivitas protease dan lipase yang meningkat seiring dengan tingkat kemurniannya.
EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN CENGKEH (Syzygium aromaticum) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus Ardia Ramadhani; Susy Saadah; Sogandi Sogandi
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (526.146 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.4146

Abstract

Antibacterial Effect of Clove Leaf Extract (Syzygium aromaticum) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are microorganisms that cause infection. Overcoming infection using antibiotics is known to generate bacteria that are resistant to some antibiotics, hence the need of other antibacterial resources. One of the natural sources that can be utilized is clove leaf (Syzygium aromaticum). This study aims to determine the types of compounds contained in clove leaves and their inhibitory activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The study began with extraction using maceration techniques, then the separation of the compounds through ethanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate fractionation. Next step was the identification of secondary metabolites of clove leaf compounds using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active in inhibiting the growth of E. coli and S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory value (MIC) of 10%. The most dominant compound in the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be caffeine with a content of 23.36%.  Keywords: antibacterial, clove leaves, GC-MS, MIC, Syzygium aromaticum ABSTRAK Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus adalah mikroorganisme penyebab infeksi. Penanggulangan infeksi menggunakan antibiotik telah memunculkan bakteri yang resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik sehingga perlu mencari sumber antibakteri lain. Salah satu bahan alam yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis senyawa yang terkandung dalam daun cengkeh dan aktivitas penghambatannya terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus. Penelitian diawali dengan ekstraksi menggunakan teknik maserasi, kemudian dilakukan pemisahan senyawa berdasarkan tingkat kepolaran melalui fraksinasi etanol, n-heksan, dan etil asetat. Hasil fraksinasi diujikan ke bakteri uji. Identifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder daun cengkeh menggunakan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat paling aktif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus dengan nilai kadar hambat minimum (KHM) 10%. Senyawa paling dominan pada fraksi etil asetat adalah kafein dengan kadar 23,36%.
POTENSI SENYAWA BIOAKTIF TANAMAN KELOR PENGHAMBAT INTERAKSI ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME 2 PADA SINDROMA SARS-COV-2 Maharani Pertiwi Koentjoro; Adyan Donastin; Endry Nugroho Prasetyo
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (798.499 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.4156

Abstract

The Potential of Moringa oleifera Bioactive Compounds for Inhibiting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Interaction in SARS-Cov-2 Syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) is a threat to human health. This infection is determined by the interaction of the spike S1 domain protein with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, especially the lungs. ACE2 inhibition is an important target in controlling COVID-19. Flavonoids of medicinal plants, are known to interfere with ACE (ACE2 homologous). Therefore, this study aims to explore the ability of apiin, epicatechin, and hesperetin from Moringa oleifera in interacting with the ACE2 using MOE 2008.10. The ligand molecules were prepared from PubChem database. The ACE2 protein was retrieved from Protein Data Bank (ID 1R4L) and analyzed for the active sites. Analysis of docking scores and hydrogen bonds of ACE2-ligand complex and active site showed that the affinity of flavonoids can be ranked as hesperetin > epicatechin > apiin > C19H23Cl2N3O4. The results provided computational information that apiin, epicatechin, and hesperetin have the potential to prevent COVID-19 infection. The prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) score showed the ligand displays antiviral activity. Infeksi severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pada pandemi coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) menjadi ancaman dunia kesehatan saat ini. Infeksi SARS-CoV-2 ditentukan oleh interaksi protein spike envelope S1 domain dengan reseptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) yang diekspresikan pada sel epitel saluran pernafasan terutama paru-paru. Mekanisme penghambatan ACE2 menjadi target penting dalam pengendalian COVID-19. Senyawa bioaktif tanaman obat, seperti flavonoid diketahui mampu mengganggu fungsi banyak makromolekul termasuk ACE (homolog dengan ACE2). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi kemampuan senyawa apiin, epicatechin, dan hesperetin dari Moringa oleifera dalam berinteraksi dengan sisi aktif ACE2 menggunakan metode penambatan molekul. Studi dilakukan dengan preparasi struktur molekul ligan dari PubChem database dan diolah dengan MOE 2008.10. Selanjutnya, data protein ACE2 (Protein Data Bank ID 1R4L) dianalisis sisi aktifnya untuk mengetahui lokasi penambatan ligan senyawa. Analisis skor docking dan ikatan hydrogen komplek ligan dan sisi aktif ACE2 menunjukkan bahwa afinitas flavonoid dapat diperingkatkan sebagai afinitas hesperetin > epicatechin > apiin > C19H23Cl2N3O4. Ketiga ligan senyawa yang terkandung dalam M. oleifera secara in silico mampu mengikat sisi aktif ACE2, sehingga berpotensi mencegah infeksi COVID-19. Skor PASS (prediction of activity spectra for substances) menunjukkan aktivitas biologis ligan yang menyerupai antiviral.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BIJI JERUK SIAM (Citrus reticulata) PADA BAKTERI Escherichia coli Mohammad Arfi Setiawan; Mita Dewi Retnoningrum; Febriyandhi Yahya; Resa Ragil Andika; Dyan Hatining Ayu Sudarni
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (315.275 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.4194

Abstract

Antibacterial Activity of Citrus seed (Citrus reticulata) Extract on Escherichia coli Indonesian agriculture provides a resource of medicinal plants whose potential needs to be explored in order to benefit society. One of them is the use of Siam orange seeds (Citrus reticulata) which has the potential for the production of antibacterial compounds. This study aims to test the antibacterial activity of the ethanol and n-hexane extract of orange seeds. The extract was obtained through maceration techniques using ethanol and n-hexane as solvents. The antibacterial activity test of orange seeds against Escherichia coli used the paper disc diffusion method with nutrient agar (NA) media. The concentration of orange seed extract for the determination of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) was 0.5, 2, 8, 10, 20 mg mL-1. The results showed that the ethanol and n-hexane extract of orange seeds had antibacterial activity against E. coli. However, the ethanol extract had a higher antibacterial effect than the n-hexane orange seed extract. From the results of this study, it is hoped that the waste of orange seeds will provide beneficial contribution for pharmaceutical development. Pertanian Indonesia memiliki sumber tanaman obat yang perlu digali potensinya agar bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Salah satunya pemanfaatan biji jeruk siam (Citrus reticulata) yang berpotensi menghasilkan senyawa antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan n-heksana biji jeruk. Ekstrak diperoleh melalui teknik maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol dan n-heksana. Uji aktivitas antibakteri biji jeruk terhadap Escherichia coli menggunakan metode difusi paper disc dengan media nutrient agar (NA). Konsentrasi ekstrak biji jeruk untuk penentuan MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) adalah 0,5, 2, 8, 10, 20 mg mL-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan n-heksana biji jeruk memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli. Namun, ekstrak etanol memiliki efek antibakteri yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak biji jeruk n-heksana. Dari hasil penelitian ini, limbah biji jeruk diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bermanfaat bagi pengembangan farmasi.

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