Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum (JCEF) is a four-monthly journal on Civil Engineering and Environmental related sciences. The journal was established in 1992 as Forum Teknik Sipil, a six-monthly journal published in Bahasa Indonesia, where the first publication was issued as Volume I/1 - January 1992 under the name of Forum Teknik Sipil.
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<![CDATA[STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE T-BEAMS STRENGTHENED IN THE NEGATIVE MOMENT REGION WITH WIRE ROPE AND MORTAR COMPOSITE ]]>
<![CDATA[Y. Haryanto]]>;
<![CDATA[I. Satyarno]]>;
<![CDATA[D. Sulistyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18938
<![CDATA[The loss due to collapsing structure includes not only materials but also lives. In the case of a change in structure function that may cause increasing loads, it is required to put efforts in strengthening the structure elements in order to increase the capacity and hence to avoid the possibility of collapsing. The objective of this research is to find out the behavior of T-sectional reinforced concrete beam strengthened in the negative moment region with wire rope and mortar composite. The test was carried out on three T-sectional beams: without wire rope reinforcement (BK), with 2 wire rope reinforcements (BP1), and with 4 wire rope (BP2) reinforcements. The type of wire rope was Independent Wire rope Core (IWRC) with a 10 mm diameter. The testing method used was two points static loading with flens positions below (the flens part experienced tensile stress). Results showed that the maximum load carrying capacity of BP1 and BP2 specimens increased by ratios of 1.59 and 2.03 to the BK specimen, respectively. However, the increase was achieved after the development and propagation of high cracking. Ductility of BP1 and BP2 specimens decreased with a ratio of 0.62 to 0.36 to the BK specimen, respectively. The initial stiffness of BP1 and BP2 increased with a ratio of 1.09 to 1.08 to the BK specimen, respectively. The effective stiffness of BP1 and BP2 specimens decreased with a ratio of 0.88 to 0.92 to the BK specimen, respectively. Stress occurred in the wire rope based on the analysis results of Response-2000 and the layer method did not reach 50% of the ultimate stress resulting from the preliminary test. In general, unless improvement was made to the stiffness characteristics of the wire rope, its contribution would not become optimum. Keyword: Wire rope, mortar, flexural behaviour.]]>
<![CDATA[DYNAMIC TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS OF BLAST RESISTANT DOOR USING BLAST LOAD MODELED AS IMPACT LOAD ]]>
<![CDATA[Y. A. Pranata]]>;
<![CDATA[N. Madutujuh]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18934
<![CDATA[A blast resistant single door was designed to withstand a 0.91 bar blast pressure and 44 ms blast duration. The analysis was done using Dynamic Time History Analysis using Blast Load modeled as Impact Load for given duration. The material properties used have been modified to accommodate dynamic effects. The analysis was done using dynamic finite element method (fem) for time of the blast duration, and the maximum/minimum internal forces and displacement were taken from the time history output, in order to know the behavior under blast load and estimate the safety margin of the door. Results obtained from this research indicated that the maximum z-displacement is 1.709 mm, while in the term of serviceability, the permitted is 25 mm. The maximum reaction force is 73,960 N, while the maximum anchor capacity is 82,069 N. On blast condition, the maximum frame stress is 71.71 MPa, the maximum hinge shear stress is 45.28 MPa. While on rebound condition, the maximum frame stress is 172.11 MPa, the maximum hinge shear stress is 29.46 MPa. The maximum door edge rotation is 0.44 degree, which is not exceed the permitted boundary (1.2 degree). Keywords: Dynamic time history, blast resistant door, single door, finite element method.]]>
<![CDATA[SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE PERFORMANCE USING FINITE ELEMENT APPROACH ]]>
<![CDATA[Y. H. Parjoko]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18939
<![CDATA[This study aims to understand the effect of applying several parameters: different axle load configuration, concrete properties, subgrade properties, slab thickness, joint characteristics, shoulder construction, bounded HMA overlay on concrete pavement, and bounded and unbounded CTB foundation over subgrade on the fatigue and erosion related distresses in concrete pavements. KENSLAB, an elaborate finite element program is used to determine the concrete pavement responses: stresses and deflection under the defined parameters. The results obtained using this software is relatively close to known theoretical Westergaard solutions. Several other findings related to pavement performance and behavior are made through this study. Multiple axle configurations is less damaging than single axle configuration in terms of fatigue life. Increasing the thickness is very effective in reducing the edge stress. Using concrete with higher modulus of elasticity brings only a small increase to the edge stress. Increasing the slab thickness is the most effective way to increase the fatigue life. Increasing subgrade modulus is more effective in reducing corner deflection than decreasing edge stress. The availability of tied shoulder construction gives significant impact in both reducing edge stress and corner deflection. The debonding condition between layers has a significant effect on pavement responses. Keywords: Concrete pavement, fatigue failure, erosion failure, finite element, KENSLAB.]]>
<![CDATA[ACCURACY OF INDEX FLOOD METHOD APPLIED IN TWO DIFFERENT REGIONS IN INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[R. T. Lopa]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18935
<![CDATA[Problems of having relatively accurate estimates of design discharge values in ungauged catchments remains. There is an empirical equation in the area which gives appropriate estimates, but it needs some efforts in measuring catchment parameters, which is time consuming in line with the catchment area. A relatively simple method in doing so is the known Index Flood Method. The accuracy of this method in its application in Indonesia has never been examined. An understanding of its accuracy will provide the design with more confidence. Keywords: Index flood method, direct flood method.]]>
<![CDATA[EROSION RATE OF RESERVOIR DEPOSIT AS REVEALED BY LABORATORY EXPERIMENT ]]>
<![CDATA[A. S. Amar]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18940
<![CDATA[The construction of dams and reservoirs in a river can give significant impacts on its flow of water and sediment, and can cause long-term morphological changes on the river. Reservoir sedimentation can reduce a reservoir’s effective flood control volume, and in some severe cases can cause overtopping during floods. Sediment deposition against a dam can reduce its stability, and affect the operation of low-level outlet works, gates, and valves. The abrasive action of sediment particles can roughen the surface of release facilities and can cause cavitations and vibration. Sedimentation can also affect a reservoir’s water quality, and reduce its flood control, water supply, hydropower, and recreation benefits. Consequently, taking sedimentation into consideration not only in the planning and design, but also in the operation and maintenance of a dam and reservoir is important. Keywords: Erosion rate, reservoir deposit, shear stress.]]>
<![CDATA[APPLICATION OF LEAN CONCEPT TO SHIP SAFETY INSPECTION: A CASE STUDY AT PORT OF SURABAYA ]]>
<![CDATA[F. Cahyadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18936
<![CDATA[The Lean Concept is a mindset widely used in various industries seeking for efficiency and effectiveness through improvement of process flow and elimination of waste. This research applies lean thinking to ship safety inspection at Port of Surabaya to investigate the existing procedure and to identify the wastes and non-value-add (NVA) activity. It used a combination of literature review, examination on the data of 520 inspections that have been carried out to 201 ships in the last two years (2009 - 2011), investigation on related regulations and guidelines, observation on the actual conduct of inspection, and interview with 59 marine inspectors and ship officers. Analysis is conducted using Value Stream Mapping (VSM). It is found that the existing procedure lacks significant impact in terms of imposing a reduction in the total number of detected deficiency between the earlier and subsequent inspections. Only 37% of the ships experience a reduction, indicating that the performance of inspection is currently at the level of 37 on a 100-point scale. It was mainly due to severe violation of the regulations, which is demonstrated by the issuance of ship certificate regardless of corrective action undertaken relating to the detected deficiency. Keywords: Lean concept, ship safety inspection, value stream mapping.]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECT OF SAND MINING ACTIVITY ON THE SEDIMENT CONTROL SYSTEM (A CASE STUDY OF SOMBE-LEWARA RIVER, DONGGALA, INDONESIA) ]]>
<![CDATA[Y. A. Bawias]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18941
<![CDATA[Sombe-Lewara River is a tributary of Palu River which lies at the most downstream part of Palu River which has 112.38 Km2 of catchment area and 28.11 Km of river length. Sombe-Lewara River comprises three reaches, i.e. Sombe River, Lewara River, and Sombe-Lewara River. In order to control the debris flow disaster, six sediment control structures have been built in Sombe River and another two were built in Lewara River. The sand mining activity in Sombe-Lewara River has caused river degradation and to some extent damaged sediment control structures. In order to prevent the river from further degradation and decrease in environment condition, a proper sediment management is therefore considered necessary. This paper illustrates the sediment balance analysis which applies the empirical formula of sediment supply at the upstream of sediment control structure and storage characteristics of sediment control structures, the initiation of debris flow occurrence and the sediment volume controlled by sediment control structures. The sediment balance was studied based on the sediment flow within the period of 2000 through 2009, at the existing infrastructures and the further development of sediment control structures. The results show that at 10 mm rainfall depth over the catchment, the average annual sediment supply at Somber River and Lewara River was found to be approximately 240,195 m3 and 112,500 m3 respectively. Within the above period, the sediment volume passing through control point 1 was approximately 105,890 m3. Furthermore, the sand mining activity at Sombe-Lewara River has caused severe river degradation and damage on the existing sediment control structures. Keywords: Sediment balance, sediment control structures, sand mining.]]>
<![CDATA[PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ON FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION IN FURNITURE INDUSTRY, A CASE STUDY IN BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[C. H. Soekamto]]>;
<![CDATA[S. Priyanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18937
<![CDATA[The Supply Chain Management is a new philosophy encouraging internal and external integration which encompass all the aspects, from the supplier until down to the customers. Transportation plays a major role in achieving efficiency and effectiveness because the role of transportation in the Supply Chain is as the intermediary help to distribute the physical goods from one entity to another entity. For this reason, the objective of this research is to analyse and measure the effectiveness and efficiency of inbound and outbound logistics in the furniture industry in Bantul, Yogyakarta. Firstly, the author will try to draw the supply chain mapping in order to gain more understanding about the entities in the supply chain. Secondly, performance of the transportation modes that will be used to move the furniture will be assessed through questionnaire. Thirdly, the author will try to analyse the response if rail transportation is proposed as an alternative transportation mode to move the goods. Lastly, conclusion and recommendation regarding the issue will be derived as implied in the result from data analysis. Keywords: Supply chain management, transportation, performance, furniture industry.]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF RESERVOIR WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATION TO THE SEEPAGE ON EARTH DAM ]]>
<![CDATA[H. Sudardja]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Volume: XXI/1 - January 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18942
<![CDATA[The modeling of earth dam was carried out in a drainage and seepage tank to analyze the seepage resulting from water level fluctuation in the upstream of the dam. The dam models were made of the mixture of Mt. Merapi sand deposit with the soil of sandy-silt from Wonosari area. The variations of sand content in the mixture were 100%; 90% and 80% and the upstream slope inclinations were 1:1; 1:1.5 and 1:2. The result showed that the dams with more sandy-silt in the mixture have smaller seepage and the dams with steeper upstream slope have greater seepage. During rapid rising of water level, the dams with steeper upstream slope have a high rising rate of upstream water level and higher height of downstream slope failure. Moreover, during rapid drawdown, the dams with gentler upstream slope have a smaller rate of upstream drawdown and lower height of upstream slope failure. The dams with more sandy-silt in the mixture have a higher value of rising rate and drawdown of upstream water level but lower height of downstream and upstream slope failure. In the dam management, continuous monitoring of the seepage resulting from reservoir water level fluctuation is required to avoid dam failure. Keywords: Earth dam, rapid rising, rapid drawdown, seepage, slope failure. ]]>
