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Ius Humani. Law Journal

iushumani
Website

Published by Universidad de Los Hemisferios

ISSN : 1390440X EISSN : 13907794 DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Social,

Arts Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

Ius Humani Law Journal is a platform (iushumani.org) open to researchers around the world. It contains articles in all languages, where writers publish original studies on persons rights (natural, human or constitutional) and about the effective procedures for the protection of rights. The studies are viewed both form the philosophical perspective and the perspective of the fundamental juridical principles. Ius Humaniâ€™s purpose is the diffusion of knowledge, and the promotion of debate on different juridical perspectives.

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Articles 13 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 7 (2018)" : 13 Documents clear

Right to Equality in Education Mercedes Navarro Cejas; Gerardo Ramos Serpa; Magda Cejas Martínez
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo analizar la problemática relacionada con la igualdad y no discriminación en el ámbito educativo y apreciar las disposiciones jurídicas vigentes que en la actualidad han tratado de solucionar la misma. Como metodología se empleó el análisis documental de contenido y el método teórico analítico-sintético. A través del estudio crítico de la evolución de las declaraciones y normativas internacionales sobre el tema, así como su expresión en particular en la Unión Europea y Ecuador, se arriba a la conclusión de que aun cuando se ha recorrido un extenso camino en el tratamiento jurídico al derecho a la igualdad de la mujer y en especial su manifestación en la esfera de la educación, junto al hecho de que se sientan las bases para la erradicación de las formas de discriminación por razones de género, todavía se requieren medidas más concretas y efectivas que acompañen y permitan llevar a la práctica de modo más consecuente las disposiciones legales vigentes.

Participação democrática e cidadã como mecanismo de superação da crise ecológica no contexto jurídico brasileiro Cristiane Velasque; Thiago Germano Álvares Da Silva; Wambert Gomes Di Lorenzo
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

This paper aims to investigate the importance of application the right to democratic and citizen participation in overcoming the ecological crisis. Democratic participation is a fundamental right of every citizen. Thus, the State has responsibility to make available instruments for its conscious and effective use. Brazil occupies the status of Democratic State of Right, according to the Federal Constitution, which provides for the possibility of direct and indirectly participation of the population. However, this exercise of citizenship often suffers limitations, without proper observance of the principles that make up participatory democracy. This limitation often occurs because of particular interests of certain economic groups, overriding environmental interests. It is important to be globally aware of the environmental crisis in the face of current problems, otherwise the natural resources will be depleted. It is of paramount importance the democratic participation in the environmental issue for the realization of the right to the ecologically balanced environment, which aims to provide a better quality of life. However, this study aims to investigate the limitations of mechanisms for democratic participation, since this compromises the legitimacy of decisions resulting from this participation, which is characterized by addictions. Therefore, it is not enough the legislative forecast, it is primordial the conscience of the humanity on the necessity of preservation of the natural resources, based on a universal environmental ethic. The present work uses the deductive method. And as a conclusion, it supports the importance of effectively applying this fundamental right in overcoming the ecological crisis.

El rol del ejecutivo en la producción normativa: el Ecuador entre 1979 y 2016 Santiago Llanos Escobar; Wladimir García Vinueza
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

This work is based on the following research question: how the executive has gotten to approve his bills in the legislative? To carry out this analysis, Ecuador is taken as a case study between 1979 and 2016, starting from the return to democracy. For this purpose, through a quantitative methodological proposal using descriptive statistics, it is intended to review the ways in which each of the Ecuadorian executives has used his legislative initiative, emphasizing the conditions present in each of their governments for this effect. Therefore, from the collection and systematization of information available in official media, the ways in which each executive has submitted their bills to the legislature are reviewed, evidencing clear patterns which determine why executives get to approve their bills. The study establishes conclusions based on the functioning of the legislative executive relationship in Ecuador; proposes an agenda that allows to determine the causal elements that help an executive to increase his level of legislative success.

Una comparación de la separabilidad de la cláusula arbitral del contrato LIca y de la ley modelo CNUDMI Atefeh Darami Zadeh; Shapur Farhangpur
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

The aim of the paper was to investigate the independence of the arbitration clause from the main contract in the International Commercial Arbitration Law of Iran with a comparative study in the UNCITRAL model law. The effectiveness of this type of procedure, its coordination with the specific objectives and the special status of international traders has led to their increasing willingness to use this legal solution. We use a comparative method, quasi-experimental, to describe similarities and differences in variables in two or more existing groups in a natural setting; it resembles an experiment as it uses manipulation but lacks random assignment of individual subjects. This study begins analyzing international arbitration and the UNCITRAL model rules (Chapters I to VI), then reviewing the national arbitration (Chapter V); thus, the effects of the principle of independence of the arbitration clause can be seen (Chapter VII) and, later, the problems that arise (Chapters VIII to X). Even so, the main conclusion is that the parties usually agree to resolve their international disputes through arbitration, which is judged privately and universally accepted.

Fundamentos jurisprudenciales de la política penal de irán relacionados con la propagación de la prostitución del código penal de 2013 Ardavan Arzhang; Abozar Abozar Fadakar Davarani; Mohammad Nozari Ferdowsieh
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

The legislator has acted to criminalize the field of public chastity in order to preserve public morality; one of these cases considers prostitution. Publication of some news and images, especially those that may appear today in various mass media, such as Internet websites, certainly leads to the dissemination and spread of content that contradicts public morality and ethics, that confronts ethical norms and values. That’s why the publication of such information is prohibited by law. Concerning the spread of prostitution, this paper analyzes two instances of abuse, that contradict public morality and are related to each other. The main question in this paper is, what does the Iranian criminal policy do against the spread of prostitution, covered in the Islamic Penal Code approved in 2013? After an introduction (Chapter I), we analyze some jurisprudential concepts and principles related with this matter (Chapter II). In Chapter III we see some examples of the spread of prostitution in domestic law. Finally, we take care of the role of corruption in the spread of prostitution (Chapter IV) and then we resume some conclusions (Chapter V).

Los principios de la nacionalidad dependiente e independiente de los cónyuges: ventajas y desventajas Seyyed Mohsen Hashemi-Nasab Zavareh; Elham Ghaffarian; Naser Ghamkhar
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

On marriage issues, many countries have espoused the independence of nationality policy, that is, they accept neutral effects of marriage on nationality. We don’t see the point of bestowing nationality on an alien woman who has married a national man but lives abroad. The ratio of countries in favor of dependent nationality to those in favor of independent nationality is one to three. So, there are only a few countries left still pursuing a policy of forcing husbands’ nationality upon alien women on an unconditional basis. The main question in this paper is: Should the nationality of one spouse be imposed on the other one, making them both subjects of one State? After an introduction (chapter Ⅰ), we analyze the theory of the unity of nationality and the theory of independent nationality (chapter Ⅱ). In chapter Ⅲ we see international documents on the theories of dependent and independent nationality. Finally, we take care of the present situation of the world in respect to nationality laws and then we resume some conclusions; the main one is that some political approaches seems to discriminates between national and foreign women.

La regulación sobre la ley que rige el arbitraje Ardalan Haghpanah; Nejad Ali Almasi
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Determining the law applicable to arbitrability is of paramount importance because the procedures taken by the legal system are very different. In this way, some systems principally recognize any disputes eligible for referral to arbitration, while some other legal systems have put an emphasis on the general inapplicability of arbitrability to the disputes and only accepts it in a few exceptional cases. The remainder of legal systems have taken a position in the middle of these two theories. Therefore, it is clear that determining the applicable and governing law can also pinpoint the ultimate arbitrability (or not) of the case. The main challenge of this research is to examine the law governing the practice of arbitration and how proceeds the arbitrability at the courts of arbitration. At the end of this study, it will be known that there are several criteria for determining the law governing arbitrability, including the lex fori, the law of the parties’ agreement, the law of the place of enforcement of the award, and the law of one or both of the parties. By the way, today transnational law principles seems to gain more importance. Each of these criteria has its own advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, the norms of human rights have also led to developments in the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration awards, in such a way that the tenets of human rights (in the domain of the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration awards) have also led governments to recognize acquired rights in foreign countries.

Diferencias planeadas: la Asignación Universal por Hijo en Argentina desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos Horacio Javier Etchichury
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

This article intends to analyze Universal Child Allowance (UCA)—a large-scale conditional cash transfer (CCT) program in Argentina—from a human rights and constitutional perspective. Conditions required in the UCA system—which covers informal and unemployed workers—are compared to those established in family allowances, the contributory program created for registered workers. These differences in treatment are analyzed in connection with the right to equal treatment, taking into account applicable legal materials, including caselaw and theoretical contributions. After describing CCT programs in general and the specific features of UCA, and outlining Argentina’s constitutional and human rights framework, the article describes the specific conditions—maximum income, nationality, maximum number of covered children—applied only to informal and unregistered workers included in the UCA program. Compared to family allowances beneficiaries, workers under UCA have a much lower maximum wage limit to be eligible, and their children must fulfill nationality or legal residence requirements not applicable under the family allowances system. UCA covers only up to five children per family, while family allowances are paid to every child in formal workers’ families, with no restrictions. The article concludes that these planned differences in treatment are not admissible under Argentina’s human rights obligations and constitutional setting. The article also advocates a human rights-based design for social policies, in order to ensure consistency with Argentina’s Constitution and international obligations.

The Principles of Implementation of rights in the Ecuadorian Constitution: a view from the doctrine and jurisprudence Esteban Javier Polo Pazmiño
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

La doctrina especializada en el país, ha estudiado profundamente varios de los derechos reconocidos en nuestro sistema jurídico; no obstante, el desarrollo acerca de los principios que viabilizan el ejercicio de tales derechos, continúa siendo limitado. Este trabajo, precisamente, tiene como propósito examinar los denominados principios de aplicación de los derechos, a fin de comprender adecuadamente su objeto y utilidad en el modelo constitucional vigente. Dentro de la Constitución ecuatoriana, estos principios fueron previstos a manera de postulados rectores y transversales destinados a generar las condiciones normativas y de interpretación necesarias, para que los derechos sean plenamente ejercidos y, de ser el caso, protegidos y reparados. A través de este ensayo, se analizará el contenido y el alcance de todos los principios de aplicación de los derechos reconocidos en la Constitución ecuatoriana, desde una perspectiva doctrinaria y jurisprudencial, lo cual evidenciará la forma en que han sido concebidos desde el foro académico y en la práctica jurisdiccional. Este trabajo examinará, inicialmente, la noción de los principios jurídicos y de los principios de aplicación en particular, para, posteriormente, abordar cada uno de los postulados previstos en el artículo 11 de la Constitución. Su estudio permitirá tener un panorama general que, de ninguna manera, pretende agotar el debate ni imponer el contenido de cada principio, sino reflexionar sobre su conceptualización por parte de cierto sector doctrinario y jurisprudencial.

El delito de desaparición forzada de personas en América Latina Isaac Marcelo Basaure Miranda
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

The objective of this paper is to determine the origin of the crime of forced disappearance of people in Latin America. The methodology used to carry out the research consisted in the normative, historical and jurisprudential analysis that exists internationally in the subject under study, using the analytical theoretical method. The structure of the article begins with a review of the historical evolution that said criminal behavior has had in the region. Then the most relevant precedents of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the matter are examined, in order to identify their main interpretative standards; as well as its reception in the Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance of Persons, and in the main international treaties and declarations on Human Rights. The essay concludes with a study of the recent impact of the judgments of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the Forced Disappearance of Persons. Finally, we conclude that the aforementioned crime began to be practiced in Guatemala, in 1966, and, from there, to expand to the rest of Latin America.

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