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INDONESIA
Health Notions
Published by Humanistic Network for Science and Technology
ISSN : 25804936     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
"Health Notions" is a media for the publication of articles on research and review of the literature. We accept articles in the areas of health science and practice such as public health, medicine, pharmaceutical, environmental health, nursing, midwifery, nutrition, health technology, clinical laboratories, health education, and health popular.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol 10 (2026): april-june" : 6 Documents clear
Ensuring Validity in Health Research: The Critical Role of Methodological Reporting in Minimizing Bias Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): April-June
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10204

Abstract

The validity of health research is shaped not only by the appropriateness of its design, but also by how carefully potential sources of bias are identified, minimized, and transparently reported. Bias—defined as a systematic error that distorts the estimation of relationships or effects—can emerge at any stage of the research process, including sampling, measurement, and data analysis. When the efforts to control bias are insufficiently described, readers are left with uncertainty regarding the credibility and reliability of the findings. This editorial emphasizes the importance of writing research methods that clearly and convincingly demonstrate strategies to minimize bias. A method can be considered methodologically sound when it not only applies appropriate techniques but also explicitly communicates how potential biases were anticipated and addressed. This paper discusses the main types of bias that commonly affect health research, explains why minimizing bias is essential for scientific validity and evidence-based decision-making, and outlines practical strategies for presenting bias-control efforts in a structured and transparent manner. Authors are encouraged to adopt a deliberate and systematic approach when reporting their methods, ensuring that readers can critically appraise the extent to which bias has been minimized. Ultimately, transparent reporting of bias-reduction strategies enhances the trustworthiness, interpretability, and overall impact of research evidence in healthcare.Keywords: bias minimization; health research methodology; internal validity; methodological transparency; scientific rigor; reporting quality
Prayer Therapy for Improving Comfort Among Patients with Breast Cancer Suherni Suherni; Lilis Pujiati; Hasrima Hasrima; Dady Hidayah Damanik
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): April-June
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10203

Abstract

A diagnosis of breast cancer is a highly distressing experience for women and is frequently accompanied by physical, psychosocial, and spiritual challenges that may compromise quality of life. Increased spiritual needs often emerge during the disease trajectory, leading many patients to seek comfort through spiritual practices, particularly prayer. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of prayer therapy in improving comfort among patients with breast cancer. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 2010 and 2020 using the PICO framework. Six studies met the inclusion criteria, including three randomized controlled trials, two qualitative studies, and one cross-sectional study. The findings consistently demonstrated that prayer therapy, as part of spiritual care interventions, was associated with improved spiritual and emotional well-being, reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms, enhanced quality of life, and increased patient comfort. In conclusion, prayer therapy represents an effective, feasible, and holistic nursing intervention that can enhance comfort among patients with breast cancer and strengthen the delivery of holistic nursing care. Keywords: prayer therapy; spirituality; breast cancer
Consumption of Katuk Leaf–Fortified Catfish Nuggets Improves Breast Milk Production Nurul Pujiastuti; Nur Rahman; Sugeng Iwan Setyobudi
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): April-June
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10202

Abstract

Exclusive breastfeeding remains a global public health priority, yet many mothers experience insufficient breast milk production due to physiological, behavioral, and psychosocial factors. Katuk leaves (Sauropus androgynus) are traditionally recognized in Indonesia for their lactogenic properties, while catfish (Clarias batrachus) provides high‑quality protein and essential fatty acids that support maternal nutritional status. Integrating these ingredients into a functional food product may offer a practical dietary approach to enhance lactation. This study aimed to to describe changes in breast milk production among lactating mothers following the consumption of katuk leaf–fortified catfish nuggets over a two‑week period. A descriptive case study was conducted in Martopuro Village, Pasuruan Regency, during August 2025. Three purposively selected lactating mothers with infants aged 0–6 months consumed 100 g of fortified nuggets every two days for 14 days. Breast milk volume was measured using a standardized graduated pump container at baseline and post‑intervention. Maternal perceptions of lactation were assessed using a five‑item questionnaire adapted from validated lactation assessment tools. Data were analyzed descriptively to identify individual trends. All participants demonstrated an upward trend in breast milk production, reflected in increased expressed milk volume and improved maternal lactation perception scores. These findings align with the biological plausibility of katuk leaf phytochemicals; such as flavonoids, saponins, and phytosterols which may stimulate prolactin pathways and enhance mammary gland function. The nutritional contribution of catfish protein and essential fatty acids may further support milk synthesis. However, several confounding factors were identified, including high baseline hydration, increased breastfeeding frequency, and potential placebo effects, limiting the interpretability of the observed improvements. In conclusion, katuk leaf–fortified catfish nuggets show potential as an acceptable functional food to support lactation, but the descriptive nature of this study and its very small sample size preclude causal inference. Larger randomized controlled trials with standardized controls and confounder monitoring are required to validate the efficacy of this formulation.Keywords: katuk leaves; Sauropus androgynus; catfish; functional food; lactation; breast milk production
Clarifying the Conceptual Divide Between Descriptive Research and Qualitative Inquiry in Health Sciences Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): April-June
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10206

Abstract

The persistent conflation between descriptive research and qualitative research remains a recurring methodological problem in health‑science publications, particularly in manuscripts submitted to Health Notions. This conceptual ambiguity undermines the rigor of study design and weakens the interpretive value of research findings. The objective of this perspective is to clarify the epistemological and methodological distinctions between descriptive research and qualitative inquiry, while illustrating their implications through examples drawn from public health and clinical practice. Using a conceptual‑analytic approach, this article examines the philosophical foundations, research logic, and practical applications of both approaches. The analysis shows that descriptive research, rooted in the quantitative paradigm, focuses on mapping the distribution of health variables; such as the prevalence of hypertension, maternal anemia, or tuberculosis treatment default without explaining the contextual or experiential dimensions underlying these patterns. In contrast, qualitative research seeks to interpret meaning, explore lived experiences, and uncover cultural, social, and behavioral factors that shape health phenomena, such as patients’ fears of medication, stigma surrounding tuberculosis, or cultural taboos influencing maternal nutrition. The findings emphasize that misunderstanding these distinctions leads to methodological misalignment, weak theoretical contribution, and incomplete evidence for policy and practice. The perspective concludes that descriptive and qualitative research are not interchangeable but complementary, and that methodological clarity is essential for producing robust, contextually grounded health evidence. Strengthening this conceptual distinction will enhance the quality of manuscripts submitted to Health Notions and support more effective health‑system decision‑making.Keywords: Keywords: descriptive research; qualitative research; methodology; health sciences; research approach
Early Recognition and Timely Cataract Surgery Are Critical to Prevent Irreversible Optic Nerve Damage in Acute Primary Angle Closure Errory Ramadiansyah; Rika Agustanti
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): April-June
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10205

Abstract

Acute primary angle closure represents an ophthalmic emergency, and this forms the basis of the introduction of the case, as the condition can cause a sudden and severe rise in intraocular pressure leading to rapid and irreversible optic nerve damage when diagnosis and treatment are delayed. The objective of this report is to describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management of acute primary angle closure occurring together with an immature senile cataract in a patient treated at Mata Masyarakat Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The methods applied in this case involve a descriptive case report approach that outlines the patient’s clinical course, examination findings, and therapeutic interventions. The results of the clinical evaluation showed that the patient experienced progressive visual decline, ocular pain, redness, headache, and halos in the left eye. Examination revealed markedly elevated intraocular pressure of 49.5 mmHg, corneal edema, a shallow anterior chamber, a mid‑dilated pupil, glaukomflecken, and thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer with neuroretinal rim loss. The diagnosis of acute primary angle closure with an immature senile cataract was established, while the fellow eye was categorized as a primary angle closure suspect. After surgical management, intraocular pressure decreased and visual acuity improved partially, although structural optic nerve damage remained irreversible.In conclusion, this case illustrates the multifactorial nature of angle‑closure disease and emphasizes the importance of early recognition, multimodal assessment, and timely surgical intervention to prevent permanent glaucomatous optic neuropathy.Keywords: angle closure glaucoma; intraocular pressure; cataract; optic nerve diseases; phacoemulsification
State of the Art: Making the Research Gap Explicit in the Background of Research Articles Joel Rey Ugsang Acob; Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): April-June
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10201

Abstract

Editorial: without abstract, without peer review

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