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BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan, Industri, Kesehatan)
Published by Universitas Medan Area
ISSN : 25975269     EISSN : 2356458X     DOI : 10.31289
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Biolink focuses on the publication of the results of scientific research related to fields. This article is published in the internal and external academic community of the University of Medan Area (UMA) especially in the field of Biology. Biolink publishes scientific articles in the scope of biology that includes environmental biology, industrial biology and health biology. Published articles are the results of research articles, studies or critical and comprehensive scientific studies on important issues related to the field of biology.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February" : 15 Documents clear
VIRULENCE AND HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION POTENTIAL OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI AGAINST SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES (Macrotermes gilvus) Harnieyane, Dendu Noutera Pramayuditya; Peristiwati, Peristiwati; Aryani, Any
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.15380

Abstract

Indonesia’s tropical climate provides favorable conditions for subterranean termites, particularly Macrotermes gilvus, which cause significant economic losses as wood-destroying pests. Chemical control methods may lead to resistance and environmental problems; therefore, alternative control strategies are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the virulence of Metarhizium sp., Beauveria sp., Aspergillus sp., and Penicillium sp. against M. gilvus based on termite mortality, wood weight loss, and horizontal transmission. Isolates of Metarhizium sp. and Beauveria sp. were obtained from the BSIP Lembang laboratory collection, while Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. were isolated from rhizosphere soil at the same site. The experiment used 13 treatments with three replications, consisting of three conidial concentrations (10⁶, 10⁷, and 10⁸ conidia/ml) and a control. Bioassays were conducted at 26–28 °C and 70–95% relative humidity using no-choice termiticide and horizontal transmission tests. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. All fungal isolates caused termite mortality and wood weight loss. Beauveria sp. at 10⁸ conidia/ml showed the highest efficacy, achieving 100% mortality within 24 hours. Horizontal transmission was indicated by white hyphal growth on termite bodies. These results demonstrate that entomopathogenic fungi, particularly Beauveria sp., are promising environmentally friendly biological control agents against M. gilvus.
EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND FREQUENCY VARIATIONS ON THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTINOMYCETES ISOLATES AGAINST Salmonella typhi Vindasari, Kenza Anggita; Bahar, Meiskha; Zulfa, Fajriati; Amalia, Muttia
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.15882

Abstract

Salmonella typhi is a negative Gram bacteria that causes typhoid fever and requires alternative therapeutic approaches due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Actinomycetes are known as producers of secondary metabolites with high, stable, and adaptive antibacterial activity; however, their effectiveness is strongly influenced by the extraction method of bioactive compounds. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) has the potential to enhance extraction efficiency through cavitation effects and frequency variation, which has not been widely explored. This study aimed to determine the effect of different UAE frequencies (30 kHz, 40 kHz, and 50 kHz) on the ability of Actinomycetes isolates to inhibit the growth of S. typhi. Extraction was performed using UAE at three different frequencies. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the well diffusion method on Nutrient Agar medium. The diameter of inhibition zones was measured using a digital caliper and analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. The mean inhibition zone diameters at 30 kHz, 40 kHz, and 50 kHz were 4.42 mm, 4.00 mm, and 5.76 mm, respectively. Based on the Davis and Stout classification, the 30 kHz and 40 kHz treatments were categorized as weak (<5 mm), whereas 50 kHz was classified as moderate (5–10 mm). Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among treatment groups (p < 0.05). These differences affected the effectiveness of Actinomycetes  in inhibiting the growth of S. typhi. The 50 kHz frequency exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, with the largest inhibition zone diameter indicating optimal efficiency in the release of secondary metabolite compounds.
QUALITY OF VERMICOMPOST AND VERMIWASH FROM HOUSEHOLD WASTE BASED ON SAGO PULP AND COW MANURE Kisworo, Kisworo; Sutanto, Haryati B.; Permatasari, Irene Putri
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.16114

Abstract

The processing of household organic waste through vermicomposting has the potential to produce fertilizers with higher nutrient content compared to conventional methods. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding sago pulp and cow manure as media on the quality of vermicompost and vermiwash derived from household organic waste using Eisenia fetida worms. The experiment was conducted using five treatments with five replications. Observed parameters included media moisture, temperature, pH, changes in color and texture, odor, earthworm biomass, and the contents of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Data were analyzed descriptively by correlating observational results with laboratory analyses of vermicompost and vermiwash. The results indicate that the treatment consisting of sago pulp with the addition of 50% household organic waste (SP+HOW 50%) produced nitrogen and phosphorus contents that met the requirements of SNI 7763:2024. Overall, the findings indicate that vermicomposting using sago pulp and household organic waste can be applied as a sustainable approach to organic waste management while producing organic fertilizer derived from local resources.
NANOEMULSION-BASED BIOPESTICIDE FROM LEMONGRASS, GARLIC, AND CIGARETTE BUTTS FOR CONTROLLING Fusarium WILT IN PATCHOULI (Pogostemon Cablin) Isdaryanti, Isdaryanti; Nasir, Yusrianto; Sukmawati, Sri; Putera, Alexander Kurniawan Sariyanto
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.16287

Abstract

Diseases of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) caused by fungal pathogens are a major constraint to crop productivity and oil quality, highlighting the need for effective and environmentally friendly control strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics, antifungal activity, and in vivo effectiveness of fermented biopesticide formulations derived from garlic (Allium sativum), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), and cigarette butts. The research consisted of formulation and fermentation using EM4, analysis of physicochemical properties, in vitro antifungal assays against two fungal pathogens at different concentrations, and in vivo evaluation of disease incidence and plant growth. The results showed that fermentation significantly reduced pH, indicating active microbial metabolism. In vitro tests demonstrated that both formulation type and concentration significantly affected mycelial growth inhibition, with formulations F1 and F2 exhibiting the highest antifungal activity and near-complete inhibition at higher concentrations. In vivo application confirmed these results, as F1 and F2 significantly reduced disease incidence and improved plant growth compared to the control. In conclusion, fermented biopesticide formulations, particularly F1 and F2, have strong potential as effective and environmentally friendly alternatives for managing patchouli diseases and supporting sustainable agriculture.
DIVERSITY AND MORPHOLOGY OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN KARO REGENCY: BOTANICAL INVENTORY AND SUSTAINABLE USE POTENTIAL Sari, Wina Dyah Puspita; Nasution, Aswarina; Suriani, Cicik; Mubarokah, Nadia; Kairani, Anita
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.16446

Abstract

This study aims to document the diversity and morphological traits of ornamental plants in Karo Regency and assess their potential for sustainable use. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, field surveys at Brastagi were conducted at 8 days, morphological observations, and semi-structured interviews with local communities and experts were held with 10 keys conducted. Sixteen ornamental species from 12 families were identified, including terrestrial and epiphytic orchids, ferns, and flowering plants such as Begonia laruei and Ixora javanica. These species are found at elevations of 920–1,000 meters within montane tropical rainforest habitats characterized by high humidity and limited light. Morphological adaptations indicate resilience to these specific conditions. Production data indicate the important economic role of ornamental plant cultivation in Karo Regency. Chrysanthemum, rose, and tuberose are the most widely cultivated species. This reflects their socioeconomic relevance. The integration of botanical and ethnobotanical data provides essential baseline information supporting biodiversity conservation and sustainable horticulture development. This research contributes valuable insights supporting conservation planning and community-based sustainable development in North Sumatra.
GILLS VISUALIZATION OF TILAPIA AND MORTALITY RATES USING THE LETHAL 50 METHOD TO DETECT SUBLETHAL OIL POLLUTION IN RIVER WATER BODIES Susanto, Alifah Mutiara; Fudianto, Achmad; Cornelius, Anastasya Nabila; Siwi Budi M, Zelbia Redina; Daniarsih, Ajeng
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.16461

Abstract

Environmental issues in Indonesia are mostly caused from pollution resulting from industry and domestic waste. Oil and used cooking oil are examples of waste that are often produced from both. Water contaminated by these chemicals can affect organisms living in it, one of which is tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Hazardous chemicals can accumulate in tilapia through the food chain, absorption through the gills, or diffusion through the skin surface, potentially causing death. This study aims to determine the effect of used cooking oil and motor oil waste on gill morphology and mortality of tilapia. The study was conducted for 96 hours using an experimental method by testing the effect of used cooking oil and used oil with concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5% on tilapia (O. niloticus). The parameters observed in the study were gill morphology and calculating the number of fish mortalities. The results show that increased concentrations of used cooking oil and motor oil increased tilapia mortality, with the highest mortality at a concentration of 5%, indicating that exposure had exceeded the sublethal threshold and was lethal.
DESIGN OF A HOMEMADE BIOFILTER FOR DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN THE SITU RAWA BESAR Syarifah; Taqi Muhammad Javani; Latricia Aina Hidayat; Kesatria Sughani; Maratis, Jerry; Hidayat, Andri Krisna; Irfandi, Ahmad
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.16464

Abstract

Water pollution from domestic wastewater is one of the main causes of eutrophication in public waters, including the Rawa Besar Lake in Depok. Eutrophication is characterized by an explosion of algae growth that leads to a decrease in dissolved oxygen and the death of aquatic life. This research aims to design a simple (homemade) biofilter technology using local media such as red brick, zeolite, and ceramic rings that is accessible and easily accessible to the public to purify household wastewater before it is discharged into the environment. The research method uses an experimental Research and Development (R&D) approach, involving the design, fabrication, and performance testing of a small-scale biofilter prototype. Wastewater quality was evaluated before and after treatment by measuring turbidity, odor, and pH as key indicators of treatment effectiveness. The results showed that the biofilter reduced water turbidity, eliminated unpleasant odors, and stabilized wastewater pH toward neutral conditions, indicating effective removal of suspended solids and organic contaminants. The results of this study indicate that the biofilter technology developed effectively treats contaminated water by changing the turbidity, odor and pH of the wastewater. This biofilter is designed for easy domestic use, at a low cost, and with an ecological approach.
EXPLORATION OF INDIGENOUS ENDOPHYTIC ACTINOBACTERIA AS BIOCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST STEWART’S WILT (Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii) AND THEIR ROLE IN ENHANCING MAIZE GROWTH AND YIELD Ahdaniah , Khomisatul; Yanti, Yulmira; Khairul, Ujang
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.16505

Abstract

Stewart’s wilt disease in maize is caused by the seed-borne bacterium Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. The use of actinobacteria as biological control agents represents an environmentally friendly alternative for disease management, as these microorganisms can produce antagonistic secondary metabolites against plant pathogens. This study aimed to identify the best indigenous actinobacterial isolate for controlling Stewart’s wilt disease and improving the growth and yield of sweet corn. The research was conducted in two stages: (1) isolation and characterization of actinobacteria and P. stewartii subsp. stewartii, and (2) selection of indigenous actinobacteria for disease suppression and plant growth promotion. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 22 treatments and three replications. Observations included actinobacterial morphology, biosafety testing, disease development, and growth and yield parameters of sweet corn. A total of 25 actinobacterial isolates were obtained, of which five were pathogenic to maize based on biosafety tests. Isolate APPS1.4 showed the highest effectiveness by extending the incubation period to 8.98 days and reducing disease incidence and severity to 16.94% and 17.26%, respectively. Isolate APPS1.4 also increased plant height to 140,80 cm, leaf number to 10,70 leaves, and ear weight of sweet corn to 837,66 g.
EVALUATION OF THE FUNCTIONALITY OF 3R WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES IN GORONTALO PROVINCE Damiti, Rahmawati A.; Lihawa, Fitryane; Baderan, Dewi Wahyuni
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.16608

Abstract

The waste generation in Indonesia, including Gorontalo Province, reaches 199.53 tons per day, necessitating strengthened 3R Waste Processing Facilities (3R TPS) to achieve national targets of 30% waste reduction and 70% waste management. This study analyzes the functionality of 3R TPS using a qualitative case study approach in Gorontalo City, Bone Bolango Regency, and Pohuwato Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. Results indicate that only 12 of 30 3R TPS (40%) are operational. Planning factors constitute the main constraints, including noncompliance with sanitation zoning, service coverage below the minimum threshold of 800 inhabitants, and limited accessibility of approximately ±15 km from district centers. From the management perspective, facilities show high dependency on government support, inconsistent user fee systems, and low community participation. Institutional functions remain suboptimal, particularly in Bone Bolango, where several facilities lack formal organizational structures. In contrast, Pohuwato Regency represents a best practice through salary incentives of IDR 1,250,000 per month and collaborative partnerships managing approximately 20 tons of waste annually. SWOT analysis positions the 3R TPS in Quadrant I, indicating strong opportunities that support aggressive strategies focused on institutional strengthening, infrastructure optimization, and expanded partnerships to enhance the effectiveness and resilience.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE AND GOVERNANCE CHALLENGES IN ROCK MINING OPERATIONS IN BONE BOLANGO REGENCY Syamsuddin, Suryadi; Rahim, Sukirman; Mahmud, Marike; Lihawa, Fitryane
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.16704

Abstract

Rock mining plays an important role in supporting regional infrastructure development in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province. However, quarry expansion also poses environmental risks that require proper management and supervision. This study evaluates the implementation of environmental management at three active rock mining sites. A mixed-methods approach was applied, integrating field observations, interviews, document analysis, and ambient air quality monitoring to assess compliance with UKL-UPL requirements. The results indicate that environmental management implementation remains inadequate. Major issues include weak erosion and sediment control, limited dust suppression, insufficient waste management, and inconsistent environmental monitoring, despite the availability of formal management documents. Air quality measurements at AF-01, AF-02, and AF-03 show spatial variation in particulate concentrations, influenced by mining intensity and local climatic conditions. Although all values are below national ambient air quality standards, field observations reveal localized dust accumulation, indicating insufficient on-site mitigation. Governance challenges further constrain the application of Good Mining Practices, including limited enforcement capacity, the absence of certified KTT/PJO personnel, and weak inter-institutional coordination. Local communities also reported disturbances related to dust, noise, and truck traffic. Overall, the study emphasizes the need for stronger regulatory oversight, improved technical capacity, and participatory monitoring to support adaptive and sustainable mining management.

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