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INDONESIA
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS)
Published by Cell and Biopharmaceutical Institute
ISSN : 25274384     EISSN : 25273442     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS) has been published by Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute (CBPI), a biannually published scientific journal, is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that supports all topics in Biology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Histology and Biomedicine in the aspect of molecular and cellular.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 1 (2026)" : 7 Documents clear
High Prevalence of dam and fimA , Biofilm Formation, and Antibiotic Resistance in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Purbowati, Rini; Utami, Sri Lestari; Listyawati, Agusniar Furkani
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v10i1.761

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in women and remain a significant public health problem. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is the main cause of UTIs and can form biofilms, which lead to recurrent infections and antibiotic resistance. Type 1 fimbriae in UPEC, encoded by the fim operon, facilitate bladder attachment, while the dam an orphan DNA methyltransferase in E. coli, contributes to bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Data on the association between antibiotic susceptibility, fimA and dam gene prevalence, and biofilm formation in UPEC isolates from UTI patients in Indonesia remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the association of the dam and fimA virulence genes with biofilm formation in UPEC causing UTIs.Materials and Methods: Fifty UPEC isolates were obtained from a clinical microbiology laboratory. Biofilm formation was assessed using the tube method. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method with amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin. The presence of the dam and fimA was determined by PCR.Results: Seventy percent of UPEC isolates were capable of biofilm formation. High resistance rates were observed for amoxicillin (92%), ciprofloxacin (88%), and gentamicin (56%). In UPEC isolates that were positive for the dam, 62% of them had the ability to form biofilms. Meanwhile, in UPEC isolates that were positive for the fimA, 52% of them had the ability to form biofilms.Conclusion: UPEC isolates showed a high prevalence of the dam and fimA genes, which were associated with biofilm formation and increased antibiotic resistance.Keywords: biofilm, antibiotic, dam, fimA, urinary tract infections
Elevated Maternal Leptin Levels and Higher Birth Weight in Obese Mothers Compared with Normal-weight Mothers Liawati, Rezi; Yusrawati, Yusrawati; Silvia, Nelmi
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v10i1.748

Abstract

Background: Maternal obesity is associated with disrupted metabolic regulation, including elevated leptin levels that may affect fetal growth. Previous studies have reported mixed findings on maternal and cord blood leptin concentrations, with some showing higher leptin levels in infants born to obese mothers, while others found no significant differences. Associations between maternal obesity and neonatal outcomes have also been inconsistent. This study aims to generate new evidence from an Indonesian cohort by comparing maternal and cord blood leptin levels, as well as neonatal outcomes, between obese and normal-weight mothers.Materials and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study enrolled 30 obese and 30 normal-weight mothers from two hospitals in Padang, Indonesia. Maternal and cord blood samples were collected at delivery, and leptin levels were measured using ELISA. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Neonatal outcomes included birth weight, length, head circumference, and ponderal index. Data were analyzed using Independent Samples t-test or Mann–Whitney U test, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Maternal leptin levels were significantly higher in obese mothers than in normal-weight mothers (70.8±39.0 vs. 44.5±42.5 ng/mL; p=0.002). Cord blood leptin levels did not differ between groups (19.7±14.9 vs. 16.1±17.5 ng/mL; p=0.394). Neonates of obese mothers had higher birth weight (p=0.003), while other anthropometric measures were similar.Conclusion: Maternal obesity was associated with elevated maternal leptin levels and increased neonatal birth weight, while cord blood leptin did not differ significantly between groups. These findings suggest that maternal leptin reflects maternal metabolic status rather than fetal growth.Keywords: maternal leptin, cord blood leptin, obesity, pregnancy, neonatal outcome
Doxycycline Suppresses Hypertension through Renin– Angiotensin System (RAS) Regulation: Insights from Molecular Docking and Renal Gene Expression Fajarido, Ariski; Fadilah, Fadilah; Arozal, Wawaimuli; Fatriansyah, Jaka Fajar; Pradana, Agrin Febrian; Monayo, Edwina Rugayah
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v10i1.744

Abstract

Background: Doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic known for inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases, has shown potential antihypertensive effects. However, its role in modulating the renin–angiotensin system remains poorly understood. This study aims to specifically evaluate Doxycycline’s effects on key RAS components and blood pressure responses to clarify its underlying mechanism and support its development as a targeted antihypertensive therapeutic candidate.Materials and Methods: This study integrated an in-silico and experimental approach to assess the antihypertensive effects of doxycycline. Bioinformatics analyses were first conducted, including target prediction, gene ontology enrichment, hub-gene identification, PPI network construction, and KEGG pathway analysis, followed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to predict doxycycline’s interactions with key RAS targets. To validate these computational findings, qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of selected genes in kidney tissues from hypertensive rats.Results: Bioinformatics analysis identified six key target genes, including AGT, AGTR1, AGTR2, REN, ACE, and ACE2. Molecular docking showed that doxycycline exhibited stronger binding affinity to AGTR1 (-8.346 kcal/mol) than its native ligand. Molecular dynamics confirmed the stability of the doxycycline–AGTR1 complex at 20 ns. Gene expression analysis of kidney tissues from hypertensive rats revealed a significant reduction in AGTR1 expression in the group treated with doxycycline 15 mg/kg (p<0.05), while no significant change was observed at 30 mg/kg.Conclusion: Low-dose doxycycline may modulate the renin–angiotensin pathway through AGTR1 inhibition, indicating its potential as a candidate for further antihypertensive research and warranting more comprehensive in vivo evaluation.Keywords: Hypertension, doxycycline, molecular docking, gene expression, Renin-Angiotensin System
Hypoxia-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Downregulate CXCL12 and Upregulate IL-10 Expression in a Murine Model of Androgenic Alopecia Denawati, Denawati; Setiawan, Eko; Priyantini, Sri
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v10i1.745

Abstract

Background: Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by hair follicle miniaturization and chronic inflammation mediated by dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Current therapies primarily target hormonal pathways and do not adequately address inflammatory dysregulation. Exosomes derived from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells (EH-MSCs) exhibit enhanced immunomodulatory properties. However, their effects on key inflammatory mediators in AGA remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of EH-MSCs on CXCL12 and IL-10 expression in a DHT-induced AGA mouse model.Materials and methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were allocated into five groups: healthy control, DHT-induced alopecia without treatment, DHT-induced alopecia treated with topical minoxidil, and EH-MSCs administered at 100 or 200 µL/kgBW. Alopecia was induced by subcutaneous DHT injection for 17 days. Following model validation, treatments were administered on days 25 and 32. CXCL12 and IL-10 expression in dorsal skin tissue was analyzed using RT-PCR on day 39.Results: DHT induction significantly increased CXCL12 expression and reduced IL-10 levels (p<0.05). EH-MSC administration dose-dependently downregulated CXCL12 (1.73±0.57 and 1.54±0.44 fold-change) and upregulated IL-10 expression (3.10±0.75 and 3.29±0.67 fold-change), demonstrating greater immunomodulatory effects compared with minoxidil.Conclusion: EH-MSCs effectively modulated inflammatory biomarkers by suppressing CXCL12 and enhancing IL-10 expression in a DHT-induced AGA model, suggesting their potential as an immunoregenerative therapeutic strategy for androgenic alopecia.Keywords: androgenic alopecia, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, hypoxia, CXCL12, IL-10
Dual Target Anticancer Potential of Exiguobacterium-derived Metabolites from the Maros-Pangkep Karst: An In Silico Study Targeting EGFR and Caspase-3 Wijaya, Taswin; Haedar, Nur; Widyastuti, Helmy; Wardhani, Riuh; Gani, Fuad
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v10i1.751

Abstract

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and its multifactorial nature limits the effectiveness of single-target therapies. Combination treatments may improve efficacy but are often associated with toxicity and drug interactions. Extremophilic bacteria from karst environments remain underexplored as sources of multitarget anticancer compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the dual-target anticancer potential of bioactive metabolites produced by bacteria isolated from the Maros–Pangkep karst region using molecular docking and ADME analysis.Materials and Methods: A bacterial isolate obtained from soil samples from the Maros–Pangkep karst region, Indonesia, was selected based on colony morphology and identified as Exiguobacterium using 16S rRNA gene analysis. Bioactive compounds were characterized by GC-MS, and three major metabolites were docked against EGFR (PDB ID: 1M17) and caspase-3 (PDB ID: 1PAU). ADME analysis was performed to evaluate drug-likeness and toxicity.Results: Docking analysis showed that compound (1) Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl) exhibited the strongest binding affinity toward EGFR (−7.2 kcal/mol), exceeding the native ligand erlotinib (−6.1 kcal/mol). Compound (2) Cyclo(L-prolyl-L-valine) and compound (3) 2,5-piperazinedione,3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl) derivatives showed binding affinities of −6.4 and −5.9 kcal/mol, respectively. For caspase-3, the compounds displayed binding affinities ranging from −4.5 to −6.0 kcal/mol , exceeding the native ligand Ac-DEVD-CHO (−3.6 kcal/mol) and interacted outside the active site, indicating potential allosteric activation. All compounds complied with Lipinski’s rule of five and showed low toxicity (LD50>800 mg/kg).Conclusion: This study shows that metabolites from Exiguobacterium possess dual-target anticancer potential via EGFR inhibition and caspase-3 modulation, suggesting their use as multitarget drug candidates. Keywords: 16S rRNA, bacteria, biological products, caspase-3, epidermal growth factor receptor, Kart Maros-Pangkep, molecular docking
Hypoxia-Conditioned MSC Exosomes Upregulate mTORC1 and Suppress MMP-2 in a UV-B–Induced Collagen Loss Rat Model Fadhillah, Anggrila Sekar; Putra, Agung; Sumarawati, Titiek; Setiawan, Eko
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v10i1.749

Abstract

Background: Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation accelerates photoaging by disrupting extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis through dysregulation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). This study evaluated the effects of exosomes of hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells (EH-MSCs) on mTORC1 and MMP-2 expression in a UV-B–induced collagen loss rat model.Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups: healthy control, UV-B + saline, UV-B + hyaluronic acid, UV-B + 200 µL EH-MSCs, and UV-B + 300 µL EH-MSCs. Collagen loss was induced by UV-B irradiation for two weeks (10 sessions, 8 min/session). A single treatment was administered on day 22, and tissue was collected on day 29. Exosomes were isolated from hypoxia-conditioned MSCs and characterized by morphology and surface markers. Gene expression of mTORC1 and MMP-2 was assessed by qRT-PCR and analyzed using one-way ANOVA.Results: UV-B exposure induced collagen loss histologically. EH-MSCs significantly increased mTORC1 expression, highest in the 300 µL group (p < 0.001), and reduced MMP-2 expression, lowest in the 300 µL group.Conclusion: EH-MSCs exert dual regulatory effects by upregulating mTORC1 and suppressing MMP-2 in UV-B–induced collagen loss, suggesting therapeutic potential to mitigate photoaging via anabolic signaling (via mTORC1) and reduced ECM degradation (via MMP-2).Keywords: collagen loss, exosomes, MMP-2, mTORC1, UV-B
Fluoroquinolones Inhibit, while β-Lactams Fail Against Biofilm-Producing Bacteria Isolated from Paediatric Syrups Yusuf, Deborah Damilola; Dowe, Ejiro
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v10i1.721

Abstract

Background: Paediatric syrups are sugar-rich solutions widely preferred in paediatric healthcare due to their palatability, although they are highly prone to microbial contamination. Of particular concern is the presence of biofilm-producing microorganisms; existing studies have focused on contamination while overlooking the enhanced resistance mechanisms conferred by biofilm formation. This study aimed to determine the antibiogram profile of bacterial isolates from commonly prescribed paediatric syrups administered by caregivers to patients at selected healthcare centers.Materials and Methods: A total of 392 syrup sample swabs were collected from hospitals and community sources. Bacterial isolation and identification were performed using standard microbiological methods. Biofilm production was evaluated using the test-tube method, and antibiotic susceptibility was determined via the disk diffusion method.Results: Bacterial counts ranged from 3.0±2.0×10³ to 10.7±3.05×10³ CFU/mL, with community samples showing the highest counts. Bacterial isolates identified included Proteus vulgaris, with the highest frequency of occurrence (18.75%) > Streptococcus agalactiae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii (12.59%) > Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Arthrobacter agilis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli (6.25%). All isolates produced biofilms significantly different (p<0.05) from the negative control (broth tube without bacterial cells), except Arthrobacter agilis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated multidrug resistance, particularly against amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate, while showing comparatively higher susceptibility to fluoroquinolones.Conclusion: P. vulgaris was the most frequent isolate, while K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii produced the strongest biofilms. The highest resistance was observed against amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, whereas fluoroquinolones remained the most effective. Paediatric syrups can harbor biofilm-producing multidrug-resistant bacteria, underscoring the importance of monitoring and safe handling.Keywords: paediatric syrup, antibiogram profile, biofilm, bacterial isolates, test-tube method

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