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Emerging Science Journal

ESJ
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Published by Ital Publication

ISSN : 26109182 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Social,

Environmental Science

Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August" : 8 Documents clear

Experimental Determination of Dispersion Coefficient in Soil Anthony Chibuzo Ekeleme; Jonah. C. Agunwamba
Emerging Science Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Unsaturated soil dispersion experiment was done using three different soil samples which includes sand, clay and silt soil. The objective of the study is to determine experimentally dispersion coefficient in soil. Each sample was gradually introduced into a fabricated iron column, having a length of horizontal column 30cm and vertical part 60.96cm. A solution of silver nitrate was allowed to pass through the vertical column down to the horizontal part. Samples of soil were collected at a constant distance of 10cm and time interval of 5mins for 60mins .The concentration of nitrate was taken at a constant distance of 10cm .This was done three times for each of the soil sample. Thereafter, the dispersion coefficient was calculated, and a regression dispersion model developed as a function of permeability, average diameter of sieve, velocity of flow and time taken to flow. The model was calibrated and verified with experimental results and found to have a high correlation coefficient (r) of 0.943. Data obtained from the experiments were fitted into the two existing models and poor correlation coefficients of -0.529 and -0.524 were obtained respectively.

The Psychotherapist, the Client, and Loneliness: A Mini Review Ami Rokach
Emerging Science Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

The present article examines the interaction between loneliness and psychotherapy; the salient features of psychotherapy, the needs of the lonely client, and the promise in the therapeutic process of being an agent of help to the lonely survive and aim at helping them emerge from their ordeal, emotionally strengthened and spiritually enriched.

Stiffness and Strength of Granular Soils Improved by Biological Treatment Bacteria Microbial Cements Jalili, Mehdi; Ghasemi, Mohmad Reza; Pifloush, Ali Reza
Emerging Science Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

In some parts of the world mechanical properties of problematic soils are not suitable for construction purposes. Today, regard to the importance of the soil improvement; by considering methods with more concordance with the environmental mechanisms in the nature, and with study and combination of geotechnical science, microbiology and geochemistry; researchers try to provide a suitable way to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the problematic soils. In this paper, the effect of the aerobic microorganisms of Sporosarsina Pasteurii (PTCC 1645), as a producer of Urease for the sedimentation of calcium carbonate and improvement of granular soil of Garmsar Industrial Town is evaluated experimentally in order to check the effects of this phenomena on the shear strength and stiffness of the granular soils. The results of the uniaxial compressive strength tests show the effect of adding the above mentioned microbial solution to the soils, in case of increased uniaxial compressive strength and stiffness of the soil. It should be mentioned that the granular soils have no compressive strength, naturally but after bio cementation the samples got notable values.

Morphometric Analyses of (Hidden) Directional Asymmetry in Leaf Blades Baranov, Sergey Gennadevich
Emerging Science Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

The deviation from perfect bilateral symmetry is a phenomenon actively exploring in evolutionary and environmental studies. The bilateral variation presents on different ecosystem level. The methods applied vary depending on the task and the final goal of study. The present study demonstrates the statistically significant presence of components (traces) of directional asymmetry (DA), fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and antisymmetry (AS) in leaf blade of Betula pendula on low level of ecosystem such as tree and leaf blade. The Generalized Procrustes Analysis was applied for testing asymmetry of shape in all data set and subgroups. The category â€˜populationâ€™ revealed no significant value of DA (factor â€˜sideâ€™). In the levels â€˜treeâ€™ and â€˜leaf bladeâ€™ the factor â€˜sideâ€™ was statistically significant as well as fluctuating asymmetry (factor interaction â€˜leaf Ã— sideâ€™).The principal component analysis showed visually the difference in PC scores between antisymmetry matrices of the left and right halves of the leaf blade. Covariate analysis matrices demonstrated the shape deviation from strict symmetry. The metric traits showed directional asymmetry in t-test in the leaf blade and the low kurtosis values. Permutation test of kurtosis values in geometric morphometric approach showed deviation from normality that could verified as a weak presence AS traces. The discriminant analysis results showed that traces of DA differed at the subpopulation level, as three of 10 populations revealed not significant factor â€˜sideâ€™. Descriptive statistics of the metric train showed a correspondence to the trace of directional asymmetry in the shape of leaf blade. Fluctuating asymmetry in its pure form, at three levels of ecosystem was met only in single population of ten that should be taken into account testing developmental stability of birch and possibly other woody plants.

Global Publications Output in Quantum Computing Research: A Scientometric Assessment during 2007-16 Dhawan, S. M.; Gupta, B.M.; Bhusan, Sudhanshu
Emerging Science Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

The paper maps quantum computing research on various publication and citation indicators, using data from Scopus database covering 10-year period 2007-16. Quantum computing research cumulated 4703 publications in 10 years, registered a slow 3.39% growth per annum, and averaged 14.30 citations per paper during the period. Top 10 countries dominate the field with 93.15% global publications share. The USA accounted for the highest 29.98% during the period. Australia tops in relative citation index (2.0).Â International collaboration has been a major driver of research in the subject; 14.10% to 62.64% of national level output of top 10 countries appeared as international collaborative publications. Computer Science is one of the most popular areas of research in quantum computing research. The study identifies top 30 most productive organizations and authors, top 20 journals reporting quantum computing research, and 124 highly cited papers with 100+ citations per paper.

Commercial Security’s’ Effect on Security of Kenyans in Private Venues Gerald Peter Mutonyi; Ann Sirera
Emerging Science Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

The strategic interplay between the Commercial security industry and security is complex. The realists view the provision of security as a fundamental obligation of the state. But to the liberalists, the pursuance of security can be achieved with the involvement of other actors offering the same. The question of whether the growing recognition of commercial security industry has marked an important shift in the norm of the state monopoly on violence in Africa needs answers. Despite this development, few studies have evaluated the effect of commercial security on security in Private Venues. Using Situational crime prevention theory, this study sort to demonstrate the effect of commercial security on security of Kenyans in Private Venues. The study adopted a cross sectional survey design, and was carried out in Nairobi with the target population of the adult residents in Nairobi. Customers and management of the commercial security industry were purposively sampled, whereas the general public and the security guards were systematically sampled. Questionnaire, interviews and structured observation were used to collect data. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. While quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics like percentages, average and mean, and pie charts. There is an accepted positive effect on security of Kenyans in private functions and venues where commercial security present. But efficiency would be achieved if, the commercial security personnel provide indiscriminate security responses where there is a breach. Grey area needing legal backing were identified as: arming of the commercial security personnel, proper uniforms and kitting, and training and skills. It is expected that the findings of this study will be of great significance to the commercial security industry stakeholders in their quest to provide security to their customers. The findings will also be used to inform policy and practice that can beneficial to national security in Kenya. It is also hoped to stimulate the academic community and the government of Kenya towards more research in the field, and for the formulation of policies that will improve the general security of the citizens.

Review and Comparison of Routing Metrics in Cognitive Radio Networks Alaleh Asghary Astaneh; Solmaz Gheisari
Emerging Science Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

In this paper, cognitive radio network is briefly introduced as well as routing parameters in cognitive radio networks. Due to lack of Spectrum, using not efficient methods of allocating static spectrum, in cognitive radio networks dynamic accessing spectrum is functional. Utilizing opportunistic a Spectrum requires recognition of routing parameters and metrics in cognition radio networks, which means considering fulfilling the minimum requirements of quality of service (QOS) secondary users need to use the allowed range of primary (main) users. Since primary users are prior to use the spectrum, when primary and secondary users coexist, they need to monitor the bandwidth of the authorized spectrum. One of the most important stages to excess the dynamic spectrum is to explore it. Detection of the presence of the authorized users by unauthorized users is one of the things done in this stage, which is called spectroscopy. In the next stage, we used the analyzed information I was spectroscopy, to decide on accessing the spectrum. cognition radio is defined as a smart wireless communication system, which is aware of the environment and changes its job variables like power forward, type of modulation, carrier frequency etc. using environment learning. For further explaining routing metrics, we try to compare routing metrics in cognitive radio networks and wireless network and analyze its challenges in one-way routing and in multi-route routing.

Daoism as the Philosophic Foundation of Chinese Economic Reform: a Conjecture Edward J Romar
Emerging Science Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2018): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

The reforms of Deng Xiaoping and the opening of China in the 1970s were predicated on something called “socialism with Chinese Characteristics”. Deng never explained its meaning in detail. This paper offers a conjecture suggesting that Daoism is the philosophical foundation of Chinese economic reform. Daoism is eminently Chinese and through the concepts of wu wei, yin/yang, qi and others from The Tao Te Ching, the Zhuangzi, and Pheasant Cap Master it offers the flexibility to organize markets within the Chinese context. The paper suggests how a Daoist philosophic foundation supports China’s rise both economically and politically. It concludes with the observation that China’s long term objective may be something like Zhuangzi’s and Pheasant Cap Master’s unity and that the West’s “end of history” may have past while the Chinese may have just begun.(B)y Marxism we mean Marxism that is integrated with Chinese conditions, and by socialism we mean a socialism that is tailored to Chinese conditions and has a specifically Chinese character….Socialism means eliminating poverty. Pauperism is not socialism, still less communism (Deng Xiaoping, Socialism with Chinese Characteristics [1]).…China’s rise is not the rise of an ordinary state, but the rise of a country, sui generis, a civilizational state, a new model of development and a new political discourse which questions many of the Western assumptions about democracy, good governance and human rights, and all this may usher in a wave of change unprecedented in human history. Zhang Weiwei, The China Wave [2]).

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