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INDONESIA
Emerging Science Journal
Published by Ital Publication
ISSN : 26109182     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April" : 16 Documents clear
Comparison of Activation Functions in Convolutional Neural Network for Poisson Noisy Image Classification Khang Wen Goh; Sugiyarto Surono; M. Y. Firza Afiatin; K. Robiatul Mahmudah; Nursyiva Irsalinda; Mesith Chaimanee; Choo Wou Onn
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-014

Abstract

Deep learning, specifically the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), has been a significant technology tool for image processing and human health. CNNs, which mimic the working principles of the human brain, can learn robust representations of images. However, CNNs are susceptible to noise interference, which can impact classification performance. Choosing the right activation function can improve CNNs performance and accuracy. This research aims to test the accuracy of CNN with ResNet50, VGG16, and GoogleNet architectures combined with several activation functions such as ReLU, Leaky ReLU, Sigmoid, and Tanh in the classification of images that experience Poisson noise. Poisson noise is applied to each test data to evaluate CNN accuracy. The data used in this study consists of three scenarios of different numbers of classes, namely 3 classes, 5 classes, and 10 classes. The results showed that combining ResNet50 with the ReLU activation function produced the best performance in class recognition in each scenario of the number of classes experiencing Poisson noise interference. The model achieved 97% accuracy for 3-class data, 95% for 5-class data, and 90% for 10-class data. These results show that using ResNet50 with the ReLU activation function can provide excellent resistance to Poisson noise in image processing. It was found that as the number of classes increases, the accuracy of image recognition tends to decrease. This shows that the more complex the image classification task is with a larger number of classes, the more difficult it is for CNNs to distinguish between different classes. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-014 Full Text: PDF
Peer-Assessment Academic Integrity Scale (PAAIS-24) Jusuf Blegur; Herman Subarjah; Yusuf Hidayat; Amung Ma'amun; Agus Mahendra; I Made Sriundy Mahardika; Sefri Hardiansyah
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-09

Abstract

This study aims to develop an academic integrity scale to help lecturers evaluate the academic integrity of university students with peer-assessment learning experiences using the ADDIE research and development method. Twenty-four items were designed using the concepts of academic integrity; honesty, trust, fairness, respect, responsibility, and courage validated by six raters and tested on 520 students from various universities in Indonesia. Testing content validity using the Aiken-V formula, construct validity testing using discriminant indexes, factor analysis (Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis), and concurrent validity testing by correlating PAAIS-24 with the developed Academic Integrity Scale. While the reliability test used Cronbach's alpha formula. The study results proved that each item of content validity meets with an Aiken value >0.80; on construct validity testing, the discriminant index value is >0.50, and the EFA and CFA loading factor values are >0.50. In addition, the model is appropriate because the theoretical model of PAAIS-24 is in accordance with empirical data. Whereas in reliability testing, Cronbach's alpha value is 0.95. Lastly, PAAIS-24 is one of the credible instruments. It contributes to developing knowledge that assists lecturers in measuring, assessing, and evaluating student academic integrity based on peer-assessment to promote increased academic performance. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-09 Full Text: PDF
Common Techniques, Success Attack Factors and Obstacles to Social Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review António Lopes; Henrique S. Mamede; Leonilde Reis; Arnaldo Santos
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-025

Abstract

Knowledge of Social Engineering is crucial to prevent potential attacks related to organizational Information Security. The objective of this paper aims to identify the most common social engineering techniques, success attack factors, and obstacles, as well as the good practices and frameworks that could be adopted concerning their mitigation. As an analysis methodology, a Systematic Literature Review was carried out. The findings revealed that the discussion about SE attacks has increased and that the most imminent threat is phishing. Exploiting human vulnerabilities is a growing threat when the attack is not carried out directly through technical means. There continue to be more technical attacks than non-technical attacks. Encouraging organizational security prevention, like training, education, technical controls, process development, defense in detail, and the development of security policies, should be considered mitigating factors for the negative impact of SE attacks. Most SE frameworks/models are focused on attack techniques and methods, mostly on technical components, decorating human factor. As a novelty, we found the opportunity to develop a new framework that could improve coverage of the gaps found, supported on security international standards, that could help and support researchers in developing their work, understanding open research topics, and providing a clearer understanding of this type of threat. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-025 Full Text: PDF
System Parameters Sensitivity Analysis of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion . Rasgianti; Ristiyanto Adiputra; Ariyana D. Nugraha; Ruly B. Sitanggang; Wahyu W. Pandoe; . Aprijanto; Takeshi Yasunaga; Muhammad A. Santosa
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-04

Abstract

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a technology to harvest the solar energy stored in the ocean by utilizing the temperature difference between warm surface and cold deep seawater. Considering that the OTEC system works in a low-temperature range, the present paper assessed the technical resources comprehensively by acquiring in-situ thermocline data and conducting a sensitivity analysis of the system parameters. The in-situ temperature profile data were measured in the waters of North Bali, Indonesia. The temperature gradient data based on field measurements were then compared with the HYCOM consortium model. The data were then used as input in the OTEC power and efficiency estimation through a single-stage ranking cycle. The analysis was conducted by varying the type of working fluid, the performance of the heat exchanger, and the location to investigate how the system parameters influenced the power produced. Using an unusual combination of parameters made it difficult to analyze the resulting data multiple times. However, with reference-based analysis and the formulation of calculations, the sensitivity of each parameter could be assessed at both locations. As a result, the ammonia working fluid provided the highest net power output of the system but had the lowest efficiency of all working fluids. The heat exchanger performance in terms of net power and efficiency cannot be separated from the seawater mass flow requirement. This referred to the results where the heat exchanger with a temperature difference of 3°C before and after the seawater passed through the heat exchanger and produced the highest net power and efficiency. Additionally, the net power output reached its convergence level at a water depth of 400m for the Bungkulan site and 450m for Celukan Bawang, which was proportional to the thermocline tendency. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-04 Full Text: PDF
Monitoring Agricultural Land Loss by Analyzing Changes in Land Use and Land Cover Morakot Worachairungreung; Nayot Kulpanich; Kunyaphat Thanakunwutthirot; Phonpat Hemwan
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-020

Abstract

The agricultural sector's output holds paramount significance for the global population, serving as an indispensable resource for survival and consumption. Consequently, alterations in agricultural landscapes bear substantial implications for the world's food supply. The objectives of this research are to investigate the depletion of agricultural land, with a specific focus on Samut Songkhram Province—an agriculturally prominent region in Thailand renowned for supplying seafood and fruits to Bangkok. By employing advanced remote sensing and change detection methods and incorporating indices like NDVI, NDWI, and NDBI, the study meticulously analyzed land-use changes. The outcomes were rigorously scrutinized through supervised classification, validated by on-site inspections, and corroborated with data from pertinent agencies. Findings revealed that Samut Songkhram had sustained its prominence in agricultural land, constituting around 70% of the province's total area over the past two decades. However, this expanse has undergone persistent transformation during the last 20 years. Notably, the most substantial surge was observed in the conversion of agricultural land to urban and developed areas, particularly in the urban zones of Amphawa District, followed by Mueang Samut Songkhram and Bang Khonthi districts. This investigation illuminates a consistent downward trend in agricultural land, a vital source of sustenance for Thailand's population and the global community. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-020 Full Text: PDF
Synthesis and Characterization of Hybridfiber from Gelatin Modified by PVACOS Using Coaxial Electrospinning Techniques as an Advanced Medical Textile Material Siti Fatimah; Sarto Sarto; Moh. Fahrurrozi; Budhijanto Budhijanto
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-022

Abstract

The synthesis of hybrid fiber based on bovine bone gelatin combined with polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan-oxidized sucrose (PVACOS) has been successfully carried out using the coaxial electrospinning technique. The presence of oxidized sucrose can improve the diameter and the tensile strength of hybrid fibers due to the formation of new covalent bonds. The combination of gelatin with PVACOS material aims to increase the strength of the hybrid fiber so that it has better tensile strength characteristics and improves the diameter of the resulting hybrid fiber. The characterization of the resulting material was tested using FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, and TGA. Based on FTIR analysis, there is an increase in absorption intensity in the 2900 cm-1 – 3000 cm-1 band, which indicates the occurrence of covalent bond interactions so that it can increase the bond strength between materials with the performance of crystalline materials. Apart from that, the morphological structure of the hybrid fibers was also investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the resulting fiber diameter for Ge-Ch, Ge-Ch-PVA, Ge-PVACOS 3%, and Ge-PVACOS 5%, respectively, was 0.4049 µm. 0.3735 µm, 0.3388 µm, and 0.3206 µm. The tensile strengths of hybrid fiber for Ge-PVACOS 3% and Ge-PVACOS 5%, respectively, are 39.91935 N/m2 and 76.12507 N/m2. Statistical tests show that the concentration of oxidized sucrose has a significant influence on hybrid fiber performance. The significance values for diameter and tensile strength are 0.0486 and 0.0325, respectively. According to this performance, the Ge-PVACOS hybrid fiber is recommended as a material for advanced medical textiles. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-022 Full Text: PDF

Page 2 of 2 | Total Record : 16

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