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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 113 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue" : 113 Documents clear
Potential of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) Extracted from Black Soldier Fly Larvae Against Vibrio parahaemolyticus In Vitro Khanifa, Riskia; Ulya, Aida Himmatul; Darmawan, Ahmad Edi; Mahsunah, Anis H.; Mahardhika, Wahyu Aji
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.9655

Abstract

Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the most widely farmed shrimp species; however, its cultivation is frequently threatened by vibriosis caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. To date, the potential of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae as natural antimicrobial agents has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of BSF larval AMPs against V. parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of vibriosis in L. vannamei. Data were analyzed using a quantitative descriptive approach. The results showed that BSF larval AMPs contained protein levels ranging from 5.2–12.03% in the first trial and 9.19–10.82% in the second trial, while the water content varied between 4.77% and 77.89%. In vitro testing demonstrated that BSF larval AMPs inhibited V. parahaemolyticus growth with a 9 mm inhibition zone in all treatments. Further in vivo studies and optimization are necessary to develop BSF larval AMPs as sustainable, eco-friendly antimicrobial agents.
Diversity of Predatory Arthropods on Sweet Corn (Zea Mays L. Saccharata Sturt) in Telagawaru West Lombok Utomo, Sandrina Mayreva; Haryanto, Hery; Nikmatullah, Aluh
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.9767

Abstract

Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt) is an important crop in Indonesia but remains vulnerable to pest attacks that lower its productivity. Excessive reliance on chemical pesticides raises environmental and resistance concerns. This study aims to explore the diversity of predatory insects as natural enemies of pests in sweet corn fields in Telagawaru Village, Labuapi Sub-district, West Lombok. The research was conducted from November 2024 to January 2025 in two cultivation sites. A descriptive method using field surveys and laboratory identification was applied. Observations were carried out using purposive sampling within five 5×5 m blocks per field, at five intervals between 30–50 days after planting. Pitfall and yellow pan traps were used for 24-hour sampling. Data were analyzed using Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), evenness index (E), and dominance index (D). Results revealed 1,234 predator individuals from five orders, 19 families, and 31 genera. H’ was 1.909 (moderate), E was 0.2327 (low), and D was 0.2129 (low). It can be concluded that sweet corn fields in the study area have moderate predator diversity with low dominance. Further long-term monitoring is recommended to support ecological pest control strategies by understanding predator dynamics across environmental and agricultural factors.
The Effect of Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria on Expired Cosmetics: A Literature Review Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Putri, Nadya Armelisa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10325

Abstract

The use of cosmetics has become a daily necessity for modern society, both for men and women. However, cosmetic products that have passed their expiration date have the potential to become a medium for the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, one of which is Enterococcus faecalis. This gram-positive bacterium is capable of forming biofilms on the surface of cosmetics, thereby increasing its resistance to the host's immune system and various antibiotics. Contamination of expired cosmetics with Enterococcus faecalis can cause mild symptoms such as skin irritation, acne, and itching, as well as severe complications like meningitis and septicemia. Additionally, the antibiotic resistance possessed by this bacterium exacerbates clinical risks and complicates treatment. Therefore, understanding the dangers of using expired cosmetics is crucial for raising public awareness. Prevention can be achieved by paying attention to product shelf life, maintaining applicator hygiene, and avoiding the use of cosmetics that have passed their expiration date.
Literature Review: The Potential of Local Alternative Feeds for Sustainable Pig Farming in Tana Toraja Ruli, Fitha Febrilia; Khalidatunnisa, Besse
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10336

Abstract

Pig farming in Tana Toraja, Indonesia, plays a crucial role in both food security and socio-cultural traditions. However, the rising cost of commercial feed poses a significant challenge for farmers, driving the need for affordable alternative feed sources. This literature review aims to evaluate the potential of locally available alternative feed sources in Tana Toraja, focusing on cassava peels, banana stems, and sweet potato leaves, to provide a sustainable and affordable solution for pig farmers in the region. The study was conducted through a systematic analysis of scientific literature to assess the nutritional composition, benefits, and limitations of these alternative feeds. The results indicate that incorporating these local resources can enhance the nutritional profile of pig feed, leading to improved average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Furthermore, their utilization can promote better gut health, which supports growth performance. Nevertheless, the use of these local feeds faces various challenges, including the presence of anti-nutritional factors, high crude fiber content, and low crude protein levels, which are crucial for pig growth. Therefore, this review emphasizes the importance of using appropriate processing methods, as well as supplementing enzymes and specific compounds to optimize the nutritional value of these local feeds. This review is essential as a comprehensive reference for pig farmers in Tana Toraja to utilize local alternative feeds to overcome high feed costs while supporting environmental sustainability by utilizing agricultural waste.
Relationship Between Salivary pH and Candida albicans Growth in Elderly with Diabetes Mellitus Putri, Alya Ernita; Qurrohman, Muhammad Taufiq
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10389

Abstract

Candida albicans is the most dominant Candida species found in the oral cavity, this fungus will turn into a pathogen if there is excessive growth on the oral mucosa which is usually called oral candidiasis. Elderly people with diabetes mellitus have a higher vulnerability due to a weakened immune system that supports the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms. Low pH conditions in saliva can facilitate the growth of Candida albicans fungi, thereby causing pathogenic microorganisms to multiply more rapidly. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between salivary acid pH and the growth of Candida albicans fungi in elderly people with diabetes mellitus. The study used an analytical observational design, the sample used in this study were 24 elderly patient respondents with diabetes mellitus. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between salivary acid pH and the growth of Candida albicans fungi in elderly people with diabetes mellitus, which indicates that salivary pH can affect fungal colonization in the oral cavity. Acidic salivary pH conditions have the potential to significantly increase the number of Candida albicans colonies, thereby increasing the risk of oral candidiasis in people with diabetes mellitus.
Vegetation Analysis and Tree Architecture Model at the Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic Arboretum Nababan, Badia Roy Ricardo; Nufus, Mitha Rabhiyatul; Takoy, Darmawana
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10421

Abstract

The Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic Arboretum is a vegetation collection located in an area with arid and semi-arid climate characteristics. Understanding the vegetation composition and tree architecture model is important information for effective arboretum management and conservation planning in the East Nusa Tenggara region. This study aims to analyze the vegetation composition to determine the Importance Value Index (IVI) at various growth phases and to identify the dominant tree architecture models in the Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic Arboretum.Vegetation data collection was conducted using the line transect method, covering the seedling to tree phases. The data were analyzed using INP calculations, while tree architecture models were analyzed descriptively and exploratively based on tropical tree architecture references. The results of the vegetation analysis showed that dominant species such as Kirinyuh (Chromolaena adorata), Gewang (Corypha utan), Gamal (Gliricidia sepium), and Jati Putih (Gmelina arborea) had the highest importance values in each growth phase, indicating high adaptability to dry land conditions. The most commonly found tree architecture model was the Troll Model (in 9 of 12 species), characterized by a broad and leafy canopy. The Attims and Rauh models were also found in several species with specific ecological functions. The dominance of adaptive species and the Troll Model indicate that the arboretum functions optimally as shade, windbreak, and erosion control, which are essential for ecological functions in drylands. This study provides important ecological baseline data for conservation management and sustainable green open space development in the semi-arid region of East Nusa Tenggara.
Understanding Lung Abscess: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management Hadinata, Lalu Gde Gilang Alid; Angelita, Puja Rizkina; Lativa, Nindy Citra; Ningsih, Nur Aulia Ahya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10457

Abstract

Lung abscess is a pulmonary condition characterized by a localized collection of pus within lung tissue, usually caused by bacterial infection. It often occurs as a complication of pneumonia, aspiration, or in individuals with weakened immune systems. This literature review aims to discuss the definition, etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of lung abscess to provide a better understanding of this disease and its optimal treatment approach. The review was conducted based on recent literature and clinical guidelines related to lung abscess, including national and international sources such as the Indonesian Society of Pulmonologists (PDPI), WHO reports, and recent journal publications. Lung abscess is primarily caused by anaerobic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. The main clinical features include fever, productive cough with foul-smelling sputum, chest pain, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis is established through clinical examination, sputum analysis, and radiological imaging such as chest X-ray or CT scan. The main treatment involves antibiotic therapy, followed by drainage or surgical procedures if no improvement occurs. Prognosis depends on early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic use, with mortality rates ranging from 10–20%. Early recognition and proper management of lung abscess are essential to prevent complications such as empyema or bronchopleural fistula. Rational antibiotic use and supportive care remain the cornerstone of therapy, while surgical intervention is reserved for refractory cases.
Immunotherapeutic Targets in Liver Diseases: A Literature Review Evelina, Felya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10480

Abstract

Liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are major global health problems associated with high morbidity and mortality. Both conditions share overlapping immunopathogenic mechanisms characterized by hepatocyte injury, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation driven by innate and adaptive immune activation. This review aims to summarize recent advances in identifying immunotherapeutic targets for ALD and NAFLD. Key immune pathways involved include activation of Kupffer cells, neutrophil infiltration, and cytokine release (such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), which promote hepatocellular damage and fibrosis. Emerging therapeutic strategies focus on inhibiting inflammasomes, modulating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, targeting chemokine receptors (CCR2/CCR5), enhancing IL-22-mediated regeneration, and restoring gut-liver axis balance through probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation. Furthermore, agents acting on metabolic immune cross talk, such as PPAR and FXR agonists, have shown promising outcomes in preclinical and clinical studies. Overall, immunotherapeutic approaches offer a promising avenue for mitigating liver inflammation and fibrosis. Continued exploration of these targets may lead to effective, individualized therapies for chronic liver disease.
Screening of Pulmonary Function and Hs-CRP as Biological Responses to Dust Exposure and Industrial Work Environment among Crusher Workers Maulana, Alfi; Tualeka, Abdul Rahim; Aini, Aini
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10493

Abstract

The packaging industry plays an essential role in the economy, involving various activities such as material crushing. Without proper control measures, workers in this sector are at risk of developing health problems, particularly those affecting lung function. Employees in the crusher area are continuously exposed to dust and airborne pollutants generated during the crushing process, which may lead to long-term respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aims to assess the lung function status of workers in the crusher area of a packaging industry and to analyze factors influencing respiratory health through basic pulmonary examinations and infection detection using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) tests. Lung function was evaluated using spirometry, and hs-CRP levels were measured from blood serum samples. The study involved 30 workers who worked approximately 40 hours per week. The results showed that 22 workers (73.3%) had normal lung function, while 8 workers (26.7%) experienced mild restriction. Meanwhile, hs-CRP examination revealed that 17 workers (56.7%) had elevated hs-CRP levels, and 13 workers (43.3%) were within the normal range.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Etiology, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis Patandianan, Firdaus Kamma; Hasanah, Mielosita; Mikaila, Romy Healthy; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Nitzana, Lale Nubya; Hairy, Fathinah Salsabila
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10589

Abstract

The Philadelphia chromosome is a hallmark of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), a hematopoietic stem cell disease caused by the reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) that creates the oncogenic fusion gene BCR-ABL1, which persistently activates tyrosine kinase and encourages unchecked myeloid cell proliferation. This literature review aims to describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CML based on recent studies. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and official institutional websites using the keywords “Chronic Myeloid Leukemia,” “Philadelphia chromosome,” and “BCR-ABL1.” CML accounts for approximately 15–20% of all leukemia cases and progresses through three phases: chronic, accelerated, and blast crisis. The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene constitutively activates multiple oncogenic pathways, including JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and RAS/RAF, leading to enhanced proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Diagnosis is established through hematologic examination and molecular testing using PCR or FISH for BCR-ABL1 detection. The mainstay treatments include tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib, with stem cell transplantation reserved for advanced cases. With early diagnosis and appropriate therapy, overall survival exceeds 80% at eight years. In conclusion, CML is a chronic hematologic malignancy driven by BCR-ABL1, and advances in molecular-targeted therapy have transformed it into a manageable chronic disease with significantly improved patient outcomes.

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