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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 95 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue" : 95 Documents clear
Ratio of X And Y Spermatozoa in Ettawa Crossbred Goats Separated Using The Egg White Albumin Column Sedimentation Method Kurniawati, Aita; Sumadiasa, I Wayan Lanus; Yuliani, Enny
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10283

Abstract

Reproduction is one of the important factors in efforts to increase livestock productivity, especially in breeding and genetic improvement programs. This sperm separation technique can be perforsmed using various methods, one of which is using an egg white albumin gradient medium that functions to separate spermatozoa based on differences in weight and speed of movement. This study aimed to determine the ratio of X and Y spermatozoa in Ettawa crossbred goats separated using the egg white albumen method. The material used in this study was fresh semen from PE goats. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three egg white content treatments: (P1): 5% and 25%, (P2): 10% and 30%, and (P3): 15% and 35%. The parameters observed were the X and Y spermatozoa ratio, motility, and viability. Post-separation, in data analysis, the highest proportion of X and Y spermatozoa was found in treatment P2, namely 59.70±5.55% (X) and 40.30±5.55% (Y) in the upper layer and 40.40±6.89% (X) and 59.60±6.89% (Y) in the lower layer. The analysis results showed that the highest average percentage of PE goat spermatozoa motility was found in the top and bottom layers in the P2 treatment, namely (81.10 ± 1.37% and 80.50 ± 1.50%), and the lowest motility was found in the P3 treatment, namely (80.50 ± 1.50% and 79.90 ± 1.66%). In addition, the highest percentage of viability was found in the top and bottom layers in the P2 treatment, namely (82.40 ± 1.83% and 83.10 ± 1.66%). From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the ratio of X and Y spermatozoa in Ettawa crossbred goats with three treatments. P2 concentrations of 10% and 30% were proven effective for separating X and Y spermatozoa.
Classification and Mapping of Mangrove Biodiversity as a Bioindicator of Environmental Degradation Johari, Harry Irawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10310

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems function as buffers against coastal abrasion, blue-carbon sinks, and habitats for coastal biota; their structural condition can be read as a bioindicator of environmental degradation. This study portrays the condition of mangroves in Lembar, West Lombok by analyzing station-level summaries (Stations I–III) using a descriptive–comparative approach to the number (Σ) of units per stratum (trees–poles–seedlings), aggregate basal area (units following the summary sheet), and species composition. The data were processed directly from the worksheet (February 2025) without normalization to m²/ha or calculation of diversity indices due to the absence of plot area and per-individual data. The results show Station II had the highest counts of trees (91) and poles (49) with seedlings (26); Station I was slightly lower (trees 90; poles 46; seedlings 31); and Station III was the lowest (trees 25; poles 22; seedlings 14). The aggregate basal-area pattern per stratum is consistent and confirms the dominance of stand structure at Station II. The composition of five species is consistent across all stations Avicennia marina, Rhizophora stylosa, R. mucronata, R. apiculata, and Sonneratia alba indicating a functioning microhabitat gradient. The discussion interprets structural indicators (Σ and basal area) as simple bioindicators: Station II reflects a lower risk of degradation, Station I an intermediate risk, and Station III a higher risk. Stand structure and species composition are effective operational bioindicators for setting management priorities—Station III as a target for intervention (pressure reduction/rehabilitation), Station II to be maintained through protection and monitoring, and Station I to be managed adaptively; going forward, normalizing basal area to m²/ha, computing H′/J′, and measuring pressure parameters are needed to strengthen comparability.
Identification and Potential of Wood-Decaying Fungi from Poteran Island as a Source of Manganese Peroxidase (MnP) Putri, Arum Maulinda; Kuswytasari, Nengah Dwianita; Prasetyo, Endry Nugroho
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10368

Abstract

Poteran Island is among the largest islands located within the Sumenep Regency, characterized by lowland agricultural areas with a dry E5 climate, allowing only one planting cycle of secondary crops per year. However, during the rainy season, the region tends to experience an abundance of wood-decaying fungi. This study aims to identify and evaluate the potential of wood-decaying fungi from Poteran Island as a source of MnP using morphological approaches. Screening of MnP-producing fungal isolates was carried out on L-MSM medium supplemented with methylene blue, and the clear zones were observed. The isolates were then identified macroscopically on petri dishes and microscopically using Lactophenol cotton blue, with reference to the book Pictorial Atlas of Soil and Seed Fungi: Morphologies of Cultured Fungi and Key to Species. Based on the morphological examination of 20 fungal isolates, 11 isolates displayed white mycelium, 1 isolate had gray mycelium, 2 isolates showed greenish-white mycelium, and 2 isolates had yellowish-white mycelium. Furthermore, 14 isolates exhibited circular colony morphology, 3 isolates were semi-circular, and 3 isolates were filamentous (filiform) in shape. MnP-producing fungal isolates were screened using L-MSM medium supplemented with methylene blue. Only one isolate, DS 18, demonstrated MnP production potential, indicated by the decolorization of methylene blue on medium. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses confirmed that isolate DS 18 is Trametes versicolor, as it exhibited similar characteristics, including a cottony texture, white color, smooth colony edges, non-septate hyphae, elliptical spores, and hyphae with clamp connections.
Sustainable Agriculture in Indonesia: A Review Article on Strategies, Challenges, and Opportunities from a Scientific Perspective Apriyelita, Annisa; Marviano, Fajri Ramadhan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10386

Abstract

Sustainable agriculture integrates ecological, social, and economic aspects to increase productivity without damaging the environment. This study aims to analyze the strategies, challenges, and opportunities for sustainable agriculture in Indonesia. The method used was a literature review of recent national and international journals with thematic analysis. The results indicate that effective strategies include crop diversification, agroforestry, organic fertilizers, biopesticides, water-efficient irrigation, and precision agriculture based on sensors and geospatial data. Key challenges include limited technology, capital, and policy support, while opportunities are driven by consumer awareness, supply chain digitization, and strengthening farmer institutions. In conclusion, the success of sustainable agriculture in Indonesia requires the integration of adaptive strategies, precision technology, and institutional support to strengthen food security and ecosystem sustainability.
Unraveling the Physiological Mechanisms and Bioaccumulation Efficacy of Lemna perpusilla for Heavy Metal Phytoremediation in Yogyakarta River Wastewater Avianto, Yovi; Riyadi, Fajar; Hasibuan, Selvianyi Br; Nababan, Jeremia Gustian
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10387

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution in Yogyakarta's rivers, caused by textile industries, sand mining, and domestic waste, poses significant environmental and health risks. While conventional water treatment methods face limitations, phytoremediation using Lemna offers a sustainable solution due to its ability to absorb heavy metals efficiently. This study assessed the impact of varying Lemna biomass (control, 20 g, 30 g, 40 g, 50 g per container) on reducing As, Cd, Cr, and Pb in textile, sand mining, and domestic wastewater over three weeks. Heavy metal concentrations were measured using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), and Lemna’s growth rates were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD. Results showed that Lemna perpusilla effectively adsorbs As, Cd, Cr, and Pb from domestic, sand mining, and batik textile wastewater, with higher biomass leading to improved removal efficiencies. Maximum heavy metal adsorption was observed in batik textile wastewater, achieving over 70% removal for all metals, while domestic and sand mining wastewater showed variable adsorption rates depending on the metal and Lemna biomass. Optimal biomass for growth and adsorption varied: 30 g for domestic, 50 g for sand mining, and 40 g for batik textile wastewater.
Hidden Impact: Toxic Dinoflagellates Threaten the Sustainability of Pearl Cultivation in Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia Mujib, Abd. Saddam; Dermawan, Awan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10397

Abstract

The Sekotong waters, which serve as a pearl aquaculture center, heavily rely on good water quality but face unseen threats that could jeopardize the sustainability of the pearl farming. This study aims to examine the presence and distribution of five major dinoflagellate genera Dinophysis, Gymnodinium, Prorocentrum, Ceratium, and Protoperidinium in the waters of Sekotong, West Lombok, which is both a conservation area and a center for pearl aquaculture. This research is crucial given the potential impacts of harmful dinoflagellates on marine ecosystems and the sustainability of pearl production. Sampling was conducted at four stations, revealing variations in dinoflagellate abundance. Station 1 was dominated by Protoperidinium (approximately 15%), followed by Gymnodinium (around 11%) and Dinophysis (about 15%). At Station 2, only Prorocentrum was observed with an abundance of around 24%, whereas Station 3 was mainly inhabited by Ceratium (15%) and Gymnodinium (13%). Station 4 was characterized solely by Ceratium with a low abundance of approximately 4%. Oceanographic conditions such as temperature, salinity, nutrient levels, and current patterns are believed to influence the distribution and abundance of these dinoflagellates, supporting various ecological strategies including photosynthesis, mixotrophy, and heterotrophy. The presence of toxin-producing genera like Dinophysis and Gymnodinium poses a risk of harmful algal blooms (HABs), which can adversely affect the ecosystem and pearl farming activities. Therefore, the findings emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring and effective management to prevent the negative impacts of these harmful dinoflagellates. This study provides a strong scientific basis to support conservation efforts and enhance the sustainability of pearl aquaculture in Sekotong, a region with significant ecological and economic value.
Preferences of Javan Langurs (Trachypithecus auratus) for Food Trees as a Foraging Behavior Marker in the Coban Pelangi Area, Malang Regency Fudianto, Achmad; Rohman, Fatchur
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10453

Abstract

The Javan lutung (Trachypitecus auratus) is known as one of the endemic primates of Java, Bali, and Lombok, whose existence is classified as vulnerable. Anthropogenic practices such as illegal wildlife trade, hunting, and habitat reduction stimulate changes in habitat use decisions, foraging strategies, and restrictions on daily activities. The objectives of the study include: (1) analyzing the vegetation that constitutes the Javan langur's diet, (2) identifying the Javan langur's preferences for food trees as indicators of foraging behavior, and (3) analyzing the daily feeding behavior of Javanese langurs in the Coban Pelangi area. The results of the research show that there are 15 plant species from 6 families with the highest INP found in Calliandra calothyrsus with a value of  87.22%, while there are 5 types of plants that serve as food sources, with Phyllantus reticulatus being the highest preference at 6,15 (w>1), Ficus sp. 3, Ficus kurzii, Calliandra calothyrsus, and Dendrocnide stimulans. The feeding behavior of the Javan langur as a daily activity is carried out by grabbing leaf stalks with their hands, stripping them, and then eating the young leaves for 2-5 minutes while sitting.
Percentage of Coral Reef Lifeforms Using Sentinel-2A at the Gili Air Dive Site A'zom, As'ad Humam; Hilayana, Sitti; Wahyudi, Rhojim
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10466

Abstract

Indonesia possesses approximately 51,000 km² of coral reef ecosystems, yet their condition continues to decline due to both human activities and natural factors. One affected area is the Gili Matra Marine Tourism Park (TWP), particularly the Gili Air dive sites, where significant coral reef degradation has been observed. This study aims to determine the percentage of coral lifeforms and assess the accuracy of Sentinel-2A satellite imagery in mapping coral reefs in the area. Field data were collected using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method and analyzed with CPCe software. Sentinel-2A imagery was processed through sunglint correction water column correction and unsupervised classification using ENVI 5.3 and ArcGIS 10.8. The results show coral reef conditions in Gili Air range from moderate to poor, with the highest live coral cover at Air Slove and the lowest at Hans Reef. A total of eleven coral lifeform types were identified. Image classification produced four benthic habitat classes with an overall accuracy of 60.5% and a Kappa index of 18.3%, meeting the minimum standard set by the Indonesian National Standard The study demonstrates that integrating UPT data and Sentinel-2A imagery is effective for mapping coral reefs, although higher-resolution imagery is recommended for better substrate differentiation.
Genera Diversity and Hard Coral (Scleractinia) Cover in Nipah Bay, Pemenang, North Lombok, Indonesia Aktia, M. Gilang; Amir, Sadikin; Jefri, Edwin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10483

Abstract

Hard corals (Scleractinia) serve as essential reef constructors and offer habitats for numerus marine species. This study aimed to asses the diversity of hard coral (Scleractinia), genera dan percentage of live coral cover in Nipah Bay as fundamental data for sustainable reef management. The research was conducted in July 2025 at three observation stations with two depth levels (3 and 7 meters). Data collection utilized the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method, while coral identification employed Coral Finder 2.0 and CPCe (Coral Point Count with Excel extension) software. Result indicated that live hard coral cover ranged between 10.47 % and 46,73%, which according to the ministry of environment Decree No. 4 2001, falls within the demaged to moderate category. A total of 28 genera and 1,859 hard coral colonies were documented, with Porites, Favites, Montipora, and Pocillopora identified as the dominant genera. The diversity index (H’) ranged form 1.67-2.01, mean 1,86; moderate, the evenness index (E) rangged from 0,60-0,78, mean 0,70; high, and the dominance index (D) ranged from 0,17-0,29, mean 0,22; low. These outcomes suggest that the hard coral community in Nipah Bay remains relatively stale and balanced, though shallow regions exhibit degradations likely due antrophogenic pressures and environmental stress. Sustained monitoring and cominity based conservation are recommended to support coral reef resilience and ecosystem health.
Farmers' Resilience to The Impact of Climate Change in Teniga Village, Tanjung District, North Lombok Anandytia, Hapidi; Sulistiyono , Heri; Markum
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.10573

Abstract

Climate change has disrupted agricultural systems, especially in rural areas that depend on weather stability for food production. This study aims to analyze farmers’ resilience to climate change impacts in Teniga Village, Tanjung District, North Lombok Regency. A descriptive method combining qualitative and quantitative approaches was applied to 86 respondents selected purposively. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using descriptive statistics with Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The findings show that the overall resilience level of farmers is moderate, with an average score of 78,78, while the economic (18,08), social (20,72), and institutional (19,12) and disaster aspect (20,98) dimensions are categorized as low. Only the disaster resilience aspect showed moderate adaptation. These results indicate that although farmers have begun implementing adaptive actions such as crop diversification and water-saving practices, their capacity remains limited due to weak institutional support, restricted access to capital, and low community participation. Therefore, strengthening economic empowerment, institutional coordination, and community-based disaster management is essential to improve adaptive capacity and ensure the sustainability of local livelihoods amid changing climatic conditions.

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