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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal" : 13 Documents clear
Preliminary Study of Buffer Ratio in Protein Extraction from Placental Cotyledons of Kedah-Kelantan Cattle Y. Y. Tee; K. Mat; M. A. Adam; N. D. Rusli; C. H. Hasnita; H. N. Mohd Khalid
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.300

Abstract

Protein extraction is a preliminary step of protein purification which mainly focus on maximization of total protein yield. The heterogeneous properties cause diversification of protein; therefore, there is no absolute protocol in protein extraction. The ratio of buffer gives different protein concentrations in different types of mammalian tissues, and this condition leads to the study of optimization of buffer ratio to obtain a better total protein yield. The objectives of this study were to compare the total protein yield based on three different ratios of buffer used. The phosphate buffer saline (PBS), radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer, and RIPA buffer with the addition of protease inhibitor (Pi) were used with the ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5. Fetal cotyledons removed from the placenta have undergone mechanical disruption, incubation, sonication, and centrifugation. The supernatant was retained and quantified with Bradford assay to determine the total protein yield based on the standard curve of bovine serum albumin (BSA). There was a statistically significant different between buffer ratio (p<0.5) in RIPA and RIPA with addition of protease inhibitor buffers. RIPA buffer with the ration of 1:1 gave the best total protein yield (194.880±15.089 mg/g). As a conclusion, there was a significant interaction between buffer types and have greatly enhanced the total protein yield obtained from placental cotyledons of Kedah-Kelantan cattle.
Breeding Practices and Trait Preferences of Sheep Farmers in a Sub-Humid Tropical Environment A. Yakubu; S. Isa; O. Alabi; A. J. Shoyombo; A. I. Adeolu
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.377

Abstract

The present study was carried out to determine the livestock breeding practices and the trait preferences of sheep farmers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. A total of 132 sheep keepers were randomly sampled out of which data from 120 farmers were utilized in the final analysis. Primary data were collected through individual semi-structured questionnaire administration. Categorical and continuous variables including production and breeding traits were statistically tested based on sex of the respondents. Age of respondents, educational status, primary occupation, access to credit, and type of landholding were significantly different between the male and female farmers. Flock size was higher in farms owned by male farmers (19.63±1.04 versus 15.16±1.00). However, both sexes did not differ (p>0.05) in the ranking of meat, religion, income, hides, and skin and cultural purpose as reasons for keeping sheep. As regards management of sheep, control of breeding and access to veterinary services were low among female farmers. Apart from cultural/religious significance which was ranked higher by female farmers (63.38 versus 52.23; p≤0.05), other production traits such as disease resistance, survivability, growth rate, meat quality, fertility, body size, and prolificacy did not vary between sexes. Disease resistance, which the male farmers attached more importance (57.0 versus 70.52; p≤0.05), was the only significant breeding trait between sexes. Categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) also revealed little influence of sex on the production and breeding traits investigated. The present findings could guide interventions such as the setting up of sustainable community-based breeding schemes to improve sheep production in the study area.
Evaluation of Mineral Contents in Milk of Dairy Cattle Fed Elephant Grass Planted at Ex-Coal Mining Land H. Harmini; D. Evvyernie; P. D. M. H. Karti; Y. Widiawati
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.322

Abstract

The growth of several types of grass in the area of ​​mine re-vegetation is rapidly providing an opportunity to be used as forages despite the possibility of heavy metal contamination. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of treatment of different levels of elephant grass (EG) (Pennisetum purpureum) planted at ex-coal mining reclamation on milk productivity and mineral contents of dairy cattle. This study used four lactating (second lactation) dairy cattle using Latin Square Design of 4 (treatments) x 4 (replications). Each period was 21 days consisted of 14 days of preliminary for feed adaptation and 7 days for observation. Treatments were P0 (0% ex-coal mining (EEG)+60% Farmer’s EG (FEG)+40% Concentrate), P1 (15% EEG+45% FEG+40% Concentrate), P2 (30% EEG+30% FEG+40% Concentrate), and P3 (60% EEG+0% FEG+40% Concentrate). The study observed variables of feed intake and efficiencies, milk production, milk quality, and mineral contents of milk. Results showed that EEG treatment at different levels did not affect fresh and dry matter intake. The highest fresh and dry matter intake was found in P0 treatment. There was no significant difference in giving EG planted at the ex-coal mining and the farmer’s land on the milk production and milk quality. The only significant differences (p<0.05) were found in mineral Fe and Mg contents of milk. The study concluded that giving EG planted at the ex-coal mining area until 60% of forage affected Fe and Mg contents of milk, but they are still in the safe limit.
Defoliation Dynamics on Grazing Horizons in Pastures Intercropped by Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, and Brachiaria decumbens P. B. Fernandes; R. A. Barbosa; M. G. Morais; C. Medeiros-Neto; A. F. Sbrissia; H. J. Fernandes; G. S. Difante
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.314

Abstract

The aim of this study was to quantify and verify the defoliation dynamics process of the Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, and Brachiaria decumbens intercropping during the formation of four grazing horizons in lenient grazing intensities and high grazing intensity. Pastures were managed in a pregrazing height of 70 cm, and as post-grazing height, the criteria of 40% and 60% were used in relation to the pre-grazing height. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with a 3x4 factorial arrangement. The first factor was the cultivars of intercropped grasses consisted of 3 cultivars, i.e., BRS Zuri, Xaraés, and Basilisk. The second factor was grazing horizons consisted of 4 levels, i.e., I: one; II: two; III: three; IV: four. In the intercropping managed with 40% of the forage canopy height removal, oscillations were observed in the severity of defoliation of the extended tiller among the intercropped species, in which the tiller reduction of the ‘Basilisk’ was 32% lower in relation to ‘BRS Zuri’. In the intercropping managed with 60% of the forage canopy height removal intensity, disproportionality was observed among the grasses, because the ‘Basilisk’ suffered a higher severity and frequency of pseudostem defoliation. In intercropped pastures managed under grazing intensities of 40%, as the animal explores the grazing horizons, the vertical distribution of the pseudostem could modify the shape and positioning of the depth of the bite, leading the animal to perform less selective grazing among the species. Due to the higher supply of pseudostem mass at the intensity of 60%, it was possible to infer that there was a reduction in forage intake.
Association between GH (g.1456_1457insT), GHRH (g.4474 C>A), and Pit-1 (g.244G>A) Polymorphisms and Lactation Traits in Holstein Friesian Cattle A. Anggraeni; C. Sumantri; F. Saputra; L. Praharani
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.291

Abstract

Lactation traits are controlled by many genes, among others, potentially by growth genes. This research was conducted to study genetic polymorphisms of GH, GHRH, and Pit-1 genes and associations of GH (g.1456_1457 InsT), GHRH (g.4474 C>A), and Pit-1 (g.244 G>A) genotypes with milk yield and quality in Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle. Genotyping was conducted for HF dairy cows raised by small farmers from North Lembang (SF-NL) (98 heads) and South Lembang (SF-SL) (95 heads), and also from Cikole Dairy Cattle Station (CDCS) (82 heads) in Lembang, West Java, Indonesia. Progeny tested of HF bulls (17 heads) from LAIC (Lembang Artificial Insemination Center) in West Java and from SAIC (Singosari AIC) (32 heads) in East Java were also genotyped. Effects of genotypes on test day milk yield, fat content, and SNF content were analyzed by General Linear Models. The GHRH g.4474 C>A SNP and Pit-1 g.244 G>A SNP generated high frequencies of C allele to A allele, while the two allelic frequencies of the GH g.1456_1457 InsT varied. Compared to the AA and AC genotypes, the CC genotype of the GH gene resulted higher test day milk yield (p<0.01), fat content (p<0.05), and SNF content (p<0.05). Further the CC genotype of the GHRH gene yielded higher milk yield (p<0.05), while the GG genotype of the Pit-1 gene resulted higher fat content (p<0.05). Therefore the GH g.1456_1457 InsT, GHRH g.4474 C>A SNP, and Pit-1 g.244 G>A SNP are potential to be used as molecular markers for selection on milk yield and quality in domestic HF cattle.
Maja Fruit Extracts Inhibit Escherichia coli, Reduce Fly Larvae Population, and Ammonia Emission of Chicken Excreta B. L. Syaefullah; Y. Erwanto; Wihandoyo; Muhlisin; R. A. Prasetyo; N. Kurniawati; N. A. Fitriyanto
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.369

Abstract

The characteristic of chicken excreta has a very potential as a breeding media for flies and is known for causing odorous pollutants (NH3 emission) from undigested protein and the activities of urease microorganisms. This study is focused on extracting Maja fruit, to quantify marmelosin from different fruit conditions using HPLC, and to determine the biological activity for handling the chicken excreta problems. In this study, the Kirby-Bauer Test was used to observe the antibacterial activity of marmelosin, the NH3 trapping method was used to determine ammonia emission, and the larvae population was determined by the Fly-Grill method. Marmelosin contents in MFE from immature, mature, and fermented fruit condition were 108.65 μg/g; 65.83 μg/g, and 23.02 μg/g, respectively. The increasing level of marmelosin addition to 50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/mL caused the higher diameter of inhibition zone against E. coli (p<0.05), which were 2.50, 2.90, 5.06, and 7.27 mm, respectively. The increasing level of MFE addition at 5, 7.5, and 10% (v/v) showed a higher inhibition effect on the NH3 emission from the excreta. The addition of MFE up to 10% (v/v) had no significant effect on the total larvae population of flies that existed in the excreta. It can be concluded that the highest marmelosin content was confirmed in the immature fruit condition. The highest antibacterial activity of marmelosin from MFE was shown at the concentration of 200 µg/mL. The application of 10% (v/v) MFE to the excreta gave the highest inhibition of NH3 emission and minimized the average larvae population of flies.
Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Alpha Gene Polymorphism and Its Association with Milk Fatty Acid of Holstein Friesian Using Real-Time PCR Method R. Azis; Jakaria; A. Anggraeni; A. Gunawan
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.306

Abstract

Milk fatty acids are largely affected by genetic factors. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Alpha (ACACA) gene is one of the important genes in regulation and metabolic function of milk fatty acids in dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to find out the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ACACA gene with milk fatty acid trait in local dairy cattle. A total of 277 samples of Holstein Friesian (HF) were collected from Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP), Animal Breeding Center and Forage Feed of Baturraden (ABCFFB), Central Java Province, Animal Husbandry Training Center of Cikole (AHTCC), West Java Province, Singosari Artificial Insemination Station (Singosari AIS), East Java Province, and Lembang Artificial Insemination (Lembang AIS), West Java Province, Indonesia. Genotyping of this SNP marker (g.2203G>T) was analyzed using the real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based on the hybridization TaqMan probe as the method for allelic discrimination. Milk samples were analyzed using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The results of this study revealed the GG and GT genotypes. The proportion of the GG genotype frequency (0.88) was higher than the GT genotype (0.11) and the G Allele frequency was shown higher than the T allele in all locations, i.e., 0.942 and 0.08, respectively. The ACACA gene g.2203G>T SNP was significant (p<0.05) for lauric (C12:0) and dodecanoic (C17:1) acids. It was concluded that the ACACA gene g.2203G>T SNP could be useful as a marker selection for milk fatty acid such as lauric and dodecanoic fatty acids.
Sugar, Acid Soluble Polysaccharide, and Total Phenolic Contents in Tropical Legumes and Their Relationships with In Vitro Nutrient Fermentability A. Ikhwanti; A. Jayanegara; I. G. Permana; W. W. Wardani; Y. Retnani; A. A. Samsudin
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.331

Abstract

Tropical legume is a type of C4 plant that has been adaptive to hot environments. Therefore, tropical legumes require energy reserves in the form of sugar and starch. This study aimed to explain the relationship between sugar, starch, and tannin contents of tropical legumes and their in vitro fermentation profiles. Samples of Bauhinia purpurea, Pterocarpus indicus, Tamarindus indica, Calopogonium mucunoides, Macroptilium atropurpureum, and Stylosanthes guianensis were tested by proximate analysis, Van Soest, and in vitro nutrient fermentability. The in vitro fermentability consisted of dry matter degradability (DMD), organic matter degradability (OMD), volatile fatty acid (VFA), methane and ammonia concentrations, and gas production. The gas production kinetics were determined as gas production from soluble nutrient (a), maximum gas production (a+b), and rate of gas production (c). All samples were tested using the orthogonal contrast test to compare in vitro fermentability characteristics between the different types of legumes and their tannin contents. Results revealed that the average content of the legumes dry matter examined was 22% with CP content of 15% -28%. The legumes in this study had average content of 3.74% sugar, 21.86% ASP, and 0.3% total phenolics (dry matter basis). Acid soluble polysaccharides content in legumes had a positive correlation with degradability, ammonia concentration, and total gas production (p<0.05). However, sugar content did not have a correlation with the other in vitro fermentation characteristics. The exploration of sugar and acid soluble polysaccharides content in tropical legumes might be profitable as these nutrients could increase feeding efficiency. Sugar did not have a significant relationship to the characteristics of fermentation, on the contrary, acid soluble polysaccharides had a very close relationship to the characteristics of fermentation. The total phenolics had a close relationship with the production of VFA and ammonia. Tree legumes have better digestibility than shrub legumes.
The Social Profile, Constraints, and Its Impact on Swine Herd Size in Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam N. H. Qui; B. Guntoro; S. P. Syahlani
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.385

Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe social profile, constraints of swine farmers, and its impact on swine herd size in Tra Vinh Province. This study was conducted in Tra Vinh Province, one of the provinces in Mekong delta, Vietnam. A total of 120 swine farmers selected from small swine farms to commercial swine farms were surveyed with information gathered on 11,466 swine. All of the swine farmers in this study were purposively chosen and interviewed with the questionnaires for data collection. All swine farmers have kept at least 1 swine per farm or had experience at least 1 year for raising and trading swine. The results showed that the majority of farmers were males (57.5%), with the age range of 20-40 years old (47.5%), having more than 10 years of experience (52.5%), having 1-3 members in the family (87.1%), 85% of farmers focused on farm, farmers having livestock farming plus cropping accounted for 55.8%, and farmers having medium farm size with an average of 95-96 heads/farm. In addition, there were 4 constraints that farmers confirmed, i.e., capital (31.6%), disease outbreak (75%), low bargaining power (40%), and the fluctuation of feed price (59.16%). Moreover, experience (p<0.01), education (p<0.01), disease outbreak (p<0.05), and the fluctuation of feed price (p<0.05) had a strong influence on swine herd. It could be concluded that farmers having higher experience and education kept a larger number of swine than others. In contrary, when disease outbreak and the fluctuation of feed price emerge, farmers tended to control their swine herd size.
Performance Comparison of Single and Two-Phase Biogas Digesters Treating Dairy Cattle Manure at Tropical Ambient Temperature S. Sutaryo; A. N. Sempana; C. M. S. Lestari; A. J. Ward
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.354

Abstract

The biodegradation process of organic waste in anaerobic digestion can be in a single or two-phase bio-reactor. This study examined the effect of different biogas digester configurations (single and two-phase) on methane production of dairy cattle manure (DCM) at tropical ambient temperature. Three identical reactors were used in this study (R1, R2, and R3). The two-phase digesters consisted of reactors R1 and R2. R1 had a 2.1 L working volume and 3 d hydraulic retention time (HRT), while R2 had 5.25 L working volume and 22 d HRT (R1 and R2 had a 25 d HRT). The digested slurry of R1 was used to feed R2. R3 served as the single-phase digester and had 5.25 L working volume and 25 d HRT. Methane production were 14.31, 132.82, and 146 L/kg VS for R1, R2, and R3, respectively. The results showed that there was no positive effect of the application of a two-phase digester configuration on the specific methane yield of DCM per kg volatile solids added than that in the single-reactor. Methane production was detected in the first reactor of the two-phase digester configuration and the total methane production of the two-phase digester was found to be 29.98% higher (p<0.05) than that of the single reactor in terms of digester volume (0.41 VS 0.31 L/L/d). Both digester configurations performed well, indicated by a stable methane production and low volatile fatty acids and total ammonia concentrations. The two-phase bio-digester configuration can significantly increase methane production in terms of digester volume.

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