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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal" : 15 Documents clear
Liquid Smoke as Fat Protector and Its Effect on Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Microbial Activity N. C. Tiven; L. Hartati; T. M. Simanjorang
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.152

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of liquid smoke as a fat protector on unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and its effect on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial activity. Crude palm oil (CPO) was mixed with Prosteo skim milk (1:2), then divided into three treatments i.e., crude palm oil without protection by liquid smoke as a control (P0), crude palm oil protected by 2.5% of liquid smoke (P1), and crude falm oil protected by 5.0% of liquid smoke (P2). For in vitro testing, 300 mg of the feed substrate (elephant grass and bran with the ratio of 60:40) was added with 5% of each crude palm oil preparation of P0, P1, and P2 and put in a fermentor syringe. Then, 30 mL of the mixture of rumen fluid and buffer-minerals solution (1:2) was added into each syringe fermentor and flushed with CO2. The fermentor syringes were incubated in a water bath at 39ᵒC for 48 hours. Variables measured were fatty acid composition, fermentation characteristics, and rumen microbial activity. The data were analyzed by the analysis of variance with a completely randomized design. The results showed that the protection of CPO with liquid smoke in P1 and P2 groups decreased saturated fatty acids (SFAs), but increased (p<0.01) monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and CMCase activity. Protection of CPO with 2.5% of liquid smoke (P1) significantly increased (p<0.01) fermentation characteristics (NH3 content and pH). It can be concluded that the use of 2.5% of liquid smoke has a better effect on feed fats protection, because it can reduce hydrogenation, increase UFAs, and has no negative effects on fermentation characteristics and microbial activity.
Nutritive Value and Preference of Guinea-Grass Ensiled with or without Additive by West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats T. O. Abegunde; S. O. Babalola; B. T. Adeoye; A. O. Usman; O. M. Akinyemi
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.173

Abstract

A study was designed to investigate silage additives’ effect on preference and nutritive value of five weeks re-growth guinea grass by West African dwarf (WAD) goats. The silages of five weeks re-growth guinea grass were made without additive (T1), with cassava peels additive (T2), and with fermented epiphytic juice of lactic acid bacteria in Panicum maximum (FEJPM) additive (T3). The effects of silage additives on preference, voluntary feed intake, growth, digestibility, and nitrogen utilization were assessed using 18 growing WAD goats (BW: 5.88±0.26 kg) in a completely randomized design. Dry matter was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 silage (40.70 g/100g) than in T1 silage (39.00) and T3 silage (34.60). Crude protein values were similar (p>0.05) in T1 and T3 silages (10.63 and 10.72 g/100g DM) that were significantly lower (p<0.05) than that in T2 silage (12.54 g/100g DM). The silages of guinea grass had acceptable physical attributes in terms of color, odor, and texture, with pH values ranging from 3.87- 4.97. T1 and T3 silages were rejected, whereas T2 silage was accepted well by the experimental WAD goats. Average daily feed intake (ADFI) was significantly (p<0.05) the highest in the WAD goats fed T2 silage (303.30 g/day), and the lowest (p<0.05) was found in WAD goats fed T1 silage (271.60 g/day). Similar to the ADFI, the highest average daily gain (ADG) was found in WAD goats fed T2 silage (37.25 g/day), and the lowest ADG (p<0.05) was found in WAD goats fed T1 silage (24.50 g/day). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of WAD goats fed T2 silage (8.15) was superior to those of WAD goats fed T1 silage (13.63) and T3 silage (9.66). Crude protein and dry matter digestibility values were higher (p<0.05) in WAD goat fed T2 silage (68.24 and 63.87%, respectively) than in WAD goats fed T1 and T3 silages. Nitrogen intake and balance were significantly (p<0.05) the highest in WAD goats fed T2 silage (12.41 and 8.68 g/day, respectively), and these variables were similar in WAD goats fed T1 and T3 silages. Nitrogen retention was not affected by the silage additives. It was concluded that cassava peels were better than FEJPM as a silage additive since it improved fermentative quality, acceptability, feed intake, and digestibility of guinea grass silage by WAD goats.
Some Factors Associated with Ovarian Disorders of Dairy Cattle in Northern Vietnam S. T. Long; P. V. Gioi; N. T. Suong
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.240

Abstract

This research’s objectives were to assess the risk factors associated with ovarian disorders in dairy cattle in Hanoi Capital, Ha Nam Province, Vinh Phuc Province, and Moc Chau District in Son La Province. The ovarian diseases were evaluated by rectal palpation combined with information collected based on the questionnaire and surveys. Records of feeding management and ovarian disorders were comprising of persistent corpus luteum (PCL), cystic ovarian disease (COD), inactive ovary (IO) from 818 females, including heifers and cows from the first to the eighth parities. A multinomial logistic regression procedure in SAS9.0 was applied for data analysis. The results have shown that the changes of region, age classes, housing condition, and body condition scores were associated with the odds of suffering from dairy cattle’s ovarian disorder categories. The cows got the odds of suffering from PCL in the old age or fatter condition, and IO at the younger or angular cows. When cattle were confined in simple houses or laid on rubber bedding, they suffered from IO, but they tended to get the odds of suffering from PCL when the cattle were raised in modern houses or laid on concrete bedding. In conclusion, region, parity, body condition score, housing type, and bedding material affect ovarian disorders in dairy cattle in northern Vietnam.
The Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Aflatoxin B1 Residue, and Histopathological Changes of Broilers Exposed to Dietary Mycosorb C. L. Nalle; M. A. J. Supit; A. H. Angi; N. S. Yuliani
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.160

Abstract

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most dangerous type of aflatoxin that can impair poultry productivity even in low concentrations. The harmful effects of AFB1 should be minimized. The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance, nutrient digestibility, AFB1 residue, and histopathological changes of broilers fed AFB1 diets supplemented with mycosorb. Two hundred-forty 1-day old broiler chicks were allocated randomly to 24 pens (10 birds/pen). The experimental design was a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement, with AFB1 level and yeast glucomannan (mycosorb) supplementation as the main factors. The treatment diets were control diet; control diet + mycosorb; AFB1 diets (10.36 ppb); AFB1 diets (10.36 ppb) + mycosorb; AFB1 diets (26.97 ppb); AFB1 diets (26.97 ppb) + mycosorb; AFB1 diets (61.06 ppb); AFB1 diets (61.06 ppb) + mycosorb. The results showed that there was no interaction effect was found between the level of AFB1 and mycosorb on the performance and nutrient digestibility. The level of AFB1 did not affect dry matter digestibility coefficient but affected (p<0.05) crude fat digestibility coefficient of broilers. Except for proventriculus, level of AFB1 did not affect bird’s gut size. AFB1 residue was not detected in the broiler tissues fed all diets. Mycosorb alone ameliorated (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) of growing birds. The birds fed 61.06 ppb AFB1 diets had darker liver than those fed similar diets added with mycosorb. The addition of mycosorb in AFB1 diets did not heal the hemorrhagic intestines of the birds. In conclusion, feeding low level of AFB1 diets added with mycosorb did not improve the bird’s performance, nutrient digestibility, or gut health. Mycosorb alone improved feed efficiency of the experimental birds.
Factor Affecting the Information Sources and Communication Channels toward Pig Farmer’s Perception of African Swine Fever in Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam N. H. Qui; B. Guntoro; S. P. Syahlani; N. T. Linh
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.248

Abstract

The study was conducted to estimate factors affecting the information sources and communication channels that were used by pig farmers to access information about African Swine Fever (ASF) in Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam, and to determine the perception of pig farmers about ASF epidemic. The survey used the questionnaires to gather data from 150 pig farmers which was conducted in a purposive method and was analyzed by multiple logistic regression model. The respondents were pig farmers who had experienced at least one year and have been affected by ASF epidemic in raising or trading pigs and other activities of the value chain. The result showed that the decision to choose information from government extension worker as the main information resource was affected by gender, pig herd size, informal education, and formal education (p<0.01) while only gender and education affecting the choice of farming visit as their communication channel (p<0.01). When farmers can access to ASF information, they know how to anticipate the disease and deal with the outbreak. It was concluded that socio- demographic have affected the choice of information sources while only gender and formal education affected communication channels. Furthermore, when accessing information sources and communication channels, pig farmers had an awareness of basic information about ASF.
Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity in Cryopreserved Semen of Itik Pinas-Khaki (Anas platyrhynchos L.) A. E. Ancuelo; M. M. Landicho; G. A. Dichoso; P. Sangel
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.138

Abstract

Cryopreservation induces oxidative stress on sperm due to an increase in the number of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby resulting in decreased sperm quality. ROS's destructive potential is normally counteracted in sperm by their innate antioxidant system consisting of enzymes, which include superoxide dismutase (SOD). This study aimed to assess the quality of semen from Itik Pinas-Khaki (IP-Khaki) drakes that were cryopreserved with either 4.5% DMSO or 7.0% glycerol as cryoprotectant through evaluation of total sperm motility (%) and determination of SOD activity (U/mL). Here, semen samples were collected from 12 sexually mature IP-Khaki drakes, an improved egg-type breed of Philippine mallard duck, and processed using modified reported cryopreservation procedure for ducks. Results showed that post-thawing total sperm motility averages of 12.04±5.61% using 4.5% DMSO and 13.99±5.28% using 7.0% glycerol were comparable. Moreover, similar SOD activity levels of 0.39±0.18 U/mL with 4.5% DMSO and 0.33±0.21 U/mL with 7.0% glycerol in 2.00 x 108 IP- Khaki sperm cells were also observed. The observed very low intracellular SOD activity indicates severe damage to sperm cells due to cryopreservation, which resulted in a comparably low total sperm motility with either of the cryoprotectants. Thus, the cryopreservation protocol used is not the optimum for IP- Khaki semen based on the observed considerable decline in sperm motility and very low SOD activity after cryopreservation.
L-carnitine Supplementation Enhances Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Maturation Rates of Sheep Oocytes In Vitro Z. W. Bhakty; E. M. Kaiin; N. W. K. Karja; M. A. Setiadi
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.131

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of l-carnitine (LC) supplementation on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation rates of sheep oocytes. In experiment 1, oocytes were maturated for 24 hours in tissue culture medium 199 supplemented with LC at doses of 0.3 mg/mL, 0.6 mg/mL, and 0.9 mg/mL. In experiment 2, oocytes were maturated and fertilized in a media supplemented with LC at a dose of 0.3 mg/mL and incubated with 5x106 sperm/mL for 12 hours. The treatment group consisted of LC supplementation only in maturation medium (P1), only in fertilization medium (P2), and in both maturation and fertilization media (P3). In experiment 3, sperm motility patterns were assessed using CASA after being exposed to fertilization medium supplemented with LC at a dose of 0.3 mg/mL for 0 and 3 hours. Our results showed that supplementation of LC at a dose of 0.3 mg/mL significantly (p<0.05) increased the percentage of oocytes reaching metaphase II (86.7±4.1%) compared to those supplemented with LA at doses of 0, 0.6, and 0.9 mg/mL (73.6±1.2, 81.4±1.3%, and 70.5±1.6%, respectively). The LC treatment in the fertilization medium only did not influence the number of two pronuclear formations (62.1±2.5%) compared to supplementation either in the maturation medium only (72.0±4.7%) or a combination of both in maturation and fertilization media (68.2±2.7%) (p<0.05). Further results after 3 hours of incubation compared to the control group showed the total motility (24.8±2.04% vs. 17.49±2.37%), progressive motility (14.17±2.03% vs. 6.49±1.64%), and curvilinear velocity (VCL) (119.70±3.73% vs. 71.15±10.59%) (p<0.05) were increased in the fertilization medium containing LC but it did not improve the fertilization rate. It is concluded that supplementation of LC at a dose of 0.3 mg/mL in the maturation medium only could better improve the nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation rates of sheep oocytes.
Growth and Biomass Production of Moringa Cultivated in Semiarid Region as Responses to Row Spacing and Cuts R. S. Santos; J. V. Emerenciano Neto; B. R. S. Bonfim; G. S. Difante; J. D. V. Bezerra; F. N. Lista; A. L. C. Gurgel; M. G. S. Bezerra
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.183

Abstract

The management of the moringa to produce biomass, as it is for other vegetal species, must consider some aspects that foster productivity. Among these aspects, cultivation density is a crucial element. This research aimed to assess the effects of spacing and cuts on the growth of the moringa. The treatments consisted of four spacings: 0.5 x 1.0 m; 0.83 x 1.0 m; 1.25 x 1.0 m; and 1.66 x 1.0 m. The experimental design was a randomized-block design with five repetitions. The standardization cut of the plants was performed at a one-meter height from the ground, fifty days after the seedlings transplantation. The assessments were performed every sixty days, totaling six cuts. Spacing impacted the growth and biomass production but did not affect the height of the plants. The stem diameter, branch number, and the plant’s mass increased at increasing the spacing. On the other side, the total mass and the masses of the stem, the leaflet, and the petiole per hectare decreased at increasing the spacing. Spacing did not affect the ratio between leaf/stem and leaflet/petiole. Plant growth and dry matter production were highest after the first two cuts and decreased significantly from the third cut on. The spacing of 0.5 x 1.0 m should be used for planting Moringa oleifera Lam. because this configuration, even reducing the gain per plant, increased the production of dry matter per unit area.
Supplementation of Pandanus conoideus Oil in Cryopreservation Diluents for Maintaining the Semen Quality of Ongole Grade Bull Nurcholis Nurcholis; A. Furqon; R. I. Arifiantini; S. M. Salamony
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.146

Abstract

Antioxidants such as tocopherol, ß-carotene, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from red fruit oil of Papua may be used to protect frozen semen. The study is aimed to test the effect of red fruit oil supplementation on motility, viability, and recovery rate of frozen sperm of Ongole-grade bulls. Semen was collected twice a month from eight 4-5-year-old male Ongole grade using an artificial vagina, followed by macro- and microscopical evaluations. Collected semen was divided into four tubes and diluted with tris egg yolk diluents (TEY) as a control, TEY supplemented with 0.5% red fruit oil (RFO) (TEY RFO0.5), TEY supplemented with 1% RFO (TEY RFO1.0), and TEY supplemented with 1.5% RFO (TEY RFO1.5). The diluted semen was then packed into the straw and equilibrated for 2, 4, and 6 h prior to frozen on liquid nitrogen vapor for 10 minutes. The observed variables in this study were sperm motility, sperm viability, and morphology after equilibration, after thawing, and recovery rate. The experimental design is a completely randomized factorial design. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and were further tested using Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that the sperm motility of fresh semen was 81.10±1.42%. The percentage of sperm motility in TEY RFO1.5 treatment at 6 h equilibration was 60.00±1.06%, significantly higher compared to TEY RFO1.0 and TEY RFO0.5. The percentage of post-thawing sperm motility in TEY RFO1.5 treatment was 62.40±1.09%. The best post-thawing sperm viability in TEY RFO1.5 was 80.70±1.20%, significantly increase from the treatment of TEY RFO1.0 and TEY RFO0.5. The recovery rate (RR) for TEY RFO1.5 treatment had the best percentage at 76.94%. In conclusion, RFO supplementation in semen diluents for 2 h of equilibration resulted in the best motility and viability at 0 h of post thawing observation.
Extraction of Collagen from the Skin of Kacang Goat and Production of Its Hydrolysate as an Inhibitor of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme T. R. Hakim; A. Pratiwi; Jamhari Jamhari; N. A. Fitriyanto; Rusman Rusman; M. Z. Abidin; D. N. Matulessy; Y. Erwanto
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.222

Abstract

The study was designed to determine the potential of collagen hydrolysate produced from the skin of Kacang goat through chymotrypsin hydrolysis to be used as an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). This research was conducted in three replications, with the measured parameters include ACE inhibitory potential and collagen hydrolysate fractionation. The results showed that collagen extraction of Kacang goat skin by chymotrypsin hydrolysis yielded 9.74% (dry matter, v/v) collagen, with pH at 6.6. The extracted collagen contained α1, α2, and β collagen chains with molecular weights of 151 kDa, 141 kDa, and 240 kDa, respectively. Furthermore, the collagen hydrolysis produced protein peptides confirmed at molecular weights of 43 to 107 kDa. The hydrolysate fractionation at molecular weights of <3 kDa, 3-5 kDa, and >5 kDa showed proteins concentrations of 2.33 mg/mL, 3.81 mg/mL, and 3.93 mg/mL, respectively. The hydrolysate fractionation with molecular weight <3 kDa showed to have ACE inhibition activity with the IC50 value of 0.47 mg/mL. The study concluded that collagen hydrolysate extracted from the skin of Kacang goat had a promising potential as a source of antihypertensive agent.

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